The influence of dietary arachidonic acid on the immune response and performance of Pacific whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, at high stocking density

Stocking shrimp at high densities increases yield during culture, but growth is generally compromised and weakened immune response associated with poor water quality has also been reported. Therefore, we tested if supplying more arachidonic acid (ARA) in the diet, a precursor of eicosanoids such as...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture Nutrition
Main Authors: Aguilar, V, Racotta, IS, Goytortúa, E, Wille, Mathieu, Sorgeloos, Patrick, Civera, R, Palacios, E
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2012
Subjects:
Agriculture and Food Sciences
GROWTH
STRESS
VIBRIO-ALGINOLYTICUS
AMBIENT AMMONIA
ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS
GIANT TIGER PRAWN
UNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS
PENAEUS-MONODON FABRICIUS
OYSTER CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS
POSTLARVAE
shrimp
density
arachidonic acid
immune response
prostaglandins
polyunsaturated fatty acids
Pacific
Crassostrea gigas
Online Access:https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/2976079
http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-2976079
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00892.x
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/2976079/file/2976092
Description
Summary:Stocking shrimp at high densities increases yield during culture, but growth is generally compromised and weakened immune response associated with poor water quality has also been reported. Therefore, we tested if supplying more arachidonic acid (ARA) in the diet, a precursor of eicosanoids such as prostaglandins E from the series II (PGE2) that enhance immune response can counteract the negative effect of stocking shrimp at high densities. The effect of physical crowding was separated from the effect of water quality, both a result of high density, by using tanks divided by a hard plastic net that allowed water flow between two density conditions. Crowding reduced weight gain by 8.3%, although the effect was more evident with deteriorated water quality from combined effects of high total ammonia and low dissolved oxygen levels (18.4%), but no effect on survival was found. A clear food imprinting of ARA levels in hemocytes was observed, but ARA did not clearly counteract the negative effects of high density on overall performance. However, ARA could minimize stress response of sampling and enhance some effectors of the immune system, such as clotting and respiratory burst. The increase in PGE2 metabolite in shrimp fed with the high-ARA diet was not consistent, and thus, the effects of ARA were not necessarily mediated by these eicosanoids.

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