Figure 16 from: Smith N (2011) Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the flightless Mancallinae (Aves, Pan-Alcidae). ZooKeys 91: 1-116. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.91.709
Figure 16 - Wing elements of flightless and volant auks depicting decreased range of motion and shortening of distal wing elements. Elements not to scale and degree of flexion estimated based on manual articulation of specimens: A Mancalla (composite LACM 154560) B Pinguinus impennis (composite USNM...
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Format: | Other/Unknown Material |
Language: | unknown |
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Zenodo
2011
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.91.709.figure16 |
Summary: | Figure 16 - Wing elements of flightless and volant auks depicting decreased range of motion and shortening of distal wing elements. Elements not to scale and degree of flexion estimated based on manual articulation of specimens: A Mancalla (composite LACM 154560) B Pinguinus impennis (composite USNM 346387) C Alca torda (NCSM 20502). Anatomical abbreviations: c carpometacarpus h humerus r radius u ulna. |
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