| Summary: | ERA5 overviews to associatestratospheric gravity waves in temperature measurements fromvertically staring ground-based Rayleigh lidarswith atmospheric processes.Animations arefor a virtual lidarlocation over the Southern Ocean during research flight RF25 of the DEEPWAVEcampaign (July 17 to 19,2014) and for the location of the COmpact Rayleigh Autonomous Lidar (CORAL) in the lee of the southern Andes. Here, thefirst overview is for the CORAL measurement fromJune 22 to 23, 2018. The second one is for the nightlymeasurements betweenAugust 7 and 9, 2020. (a) and (b) emulatethe measurementof a vertically staringground-based lidar and show temperature perturbationsafter subtracting a temporal running mean of 12h(a)and the mean absolute temperature profile (b). Panels (c) and (d) are vertical sections ofstratospheric ????′ along sectors of the latitude circle(c) and meridian (d) of the virtual lidar location. (e) and (f) are corresponding vertical sections of thermalstability ????2 (10−4 s−2, color-coded), potential temperature (K, thin grey lines), and potential vorticity (1, 2,4 PVU:black, 2 PVU: green). Thin black lines in the vertical sections are zonal (d, f) and meridional (c, e) windcomponents (solid: positive, dashed: negative). Panel (g) is a horizontal section of the height of the 2 PVUsurface (km, color-coded), geopotential height (m, solid lines) and wind barbs at the 850 hPa level. The blackvertical line in (a) marks the timefor (c)-(g) and dashed lines in (c)-(g) highlight thelocation of the virtual lidar and profiles in (a) and (b).
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