| Summary: | 1. Model platform and Experimental design We used Earth system model CESM as the model platform. It is comprised of the Community Atmosphere Model, version 5.3 (CAM5.3), the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4); the Slab Ocean Model (SOM); and the Community Ice Code, version 4 (CICE4). Two simulations were performed: Fire and NOFIRE. The setup of the two simulations is identical but using different prescribed fire aerosol emissions. The FIRE simulation used daily fire BC, POM, and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emissions from 2003 to 2011 (9 years). The fire emissions (Jiang et al. 2016) were based on daily satellite-based Global Fire Emissions Database version 3.1 (GFED 3.1) (van der Werf et al. 2010; Mu et al. 2011) and the vertical distribution of emissions in the AeroCom protocol (Dentener et al. 2006). In NOFIRE, fire aerosol emissions were set to zero. The two simulations were run for 99 years with the fire emissions data cycling 11 times. The last 27 years of each simulation were analyzed. Both simulations used 0.9° (latitude) ×1.25° (longitude) horizontal resolution for the land and atmosphere (30 atmospheric levels), while the ocean and sea-ice components used a gx1v6 displaced pole grid. The model time step was 30 minutes. Input data except for fire aerosol emissions were the default (without any change) inputs provided with the CESM. 2. Introduction of files -fire and -nofire: simulations with and without fire aerosols Longitude (lon) and latitude (lat) are already included in each file grid.nc: area: grid cell area (km 2 ) landfrac: land fraction (0 to 1) landmask: land mask (0 for ocean and 1 for land) Aerosol* files: BC: BC vertically integrated concentration POM: POM vertically integrated concentration SO4: SO 4 vertically integrated concentration AOD: AOD PrE* files: Pr: precipitation (mm/s) E: ocean evaporation and land evapotranspiration (mm/s) ETcomp* files: ce: canopy evaporation (mm/s) ct: canopy transpiration (mm/s ge: ground evaporation (mm/s) runoffs* files: runoff: total runoff (mm/s) srfr: ...
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