Cidaris cidaris cidaris (Linnaeus 1758

• Main Authors: Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias, Ávila, Sérgio P.
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2019
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Echinodermata; Echinoidea; Cidaroida; Cidaridae; Cidaris; Cidaris cidaris; Iceland; Lophelia pertusa
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5583299; http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4148D212040FFFB3FF33FF5572FA10E0

Cidaris cidaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Fig. 20) Reports for the Azores: Dorocidaris papillata (Leske, 1778) — $ Koehler 1895a: 224, 1898: 8, 1909: 214–215, 1921a: 3; Nobre 1938: 104–105, figs. 45, 55; Cidaris cidaris (Linnaeus, 1758) — Mortensen 1927a: 272–273, figs. 149, 150–152, 1928: 289–298, pl. 30, figs. 3–4, pl. 31, figs. 1–10, pl. 67, fig. 5, pl. 72, figs. 20–22; $ Cadenat 1938: 363; Harvey 1956: 63; Marques 1980: 104; $ Pérès 1992: 253; García-Diez et al. 2005: 50; Mironov 2006: 98–99; Schultz 2006: 32, fig. 53–55; See: Mortensen (1928); Mironov (2006); Schultz (2006). Occurrence: East Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, from south of Iceland and Norway south to equatorial West Africa including the Azores, Madeira, Canaries and Cape Verde and Santa Helena (Koehler 1909, Mortensen 1903, 1928, 1933c, Mironov 2006); also in Gorringe, Josephine and the Meteor seamounts (Mironov 2006). Depth: 20–2,010 (?4,275) m (Mironov 2006, Koukouras et al . 2007); AZO: 165– 1,385 m (Koehler 1909, herein). Habitat: mud, fine sand, gravel to hard substrates (Koehler 1898, 1909); an opportunistic scavenger; feeds also on deep-sea reef building corals such as Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus 1758) and Madrepora oculata (Linnaeus 1758) (Stevenson & Rocha 2012). Larval stage: planktotrophic (Emlet 1995). Material examined: DOP–2976 (Banco Cavala, AZO, 38°16’12”N, 30°39’00”W, 2008.07.08, 723 m; 1 spm, D = 20 mm); DOP–2977 (Banco Cavala, AZO, 38°16’12”N, 30°39’00”W, 2008.07.08, 723 m; 1 spm, D = 12 mm); DOP–4335 (Banco Princesa Alice, off SW PIX, AZO, 38°00’10.80”N, 29°19’04.80”W, 2010.09.03, 165–219 m; 1 spm, D = 10 mm); DOP–7933 (Banco Princesa Alice, off SW PIX, AZO, 37°58’51.60”N, 29°31’22.80”W, 2011.28.05, 384 m; 1 spm, D = 5 mm); EMEPC-LUSO L09D18B2 (N of SJG, AZO, 38°42’14”N, 28°01’25”W, 2009.10.02, 869 m; 1 spm, D = 52 mm). Description: test circular, flattened to almost spherical (test height between 55–70%D). Ambulacra distinctly sinuate, about 20% of the interambulacra in width. Marginal series of tubercles regular. The ...