| Summary: | 【中文摘要】 最近30年来,北冰洋海冰和海水发生了急剧变化:海冰覆盖面积减少、冰层变薄、水温升高、淡水输入增加、污染加剧,正威胁着现有与海冰关系密切的生态系统。预期随着变化的持续,与海冰相关的食物链将在部分海域消失并被较低纬度的海洋物种所取代、总初级生产力有望增加并为人类带来更多的渔获量、而北极熊和海象等以海冰作为栖息和捕食场所的大型哺乳动物的生存前景堪忧。今后人类将更为重视对北冰洋生态环境变化规律的认识并加以运用、关注北冰洋特有物种的命运并加以力所能及的保护、评估北冰洋生态系统的变化对人类社会经济的影响以期及早采取应对措施。数据积累是目前制约北极研究的最大障碍,但随着 SEARCH 等大型国际研究计划的实施,对北冰洋生态系统的监测和研究将更为系统和全面。 【英文摘要】 In the recent years,the environmental conditions of the Arctic Ocean have been changing quickly and acutely:the decrease of sea ice covered area,thinning of sea ice thickness,in- crease of water temperature and fresh water influx,aggravation of pollution.All these variations threaten the existing ecosystem that has close relationship with sea ice.It's expected that with the continuance of such kinds of changes,the sympagic food web will disappear in some area and be replaced by the species coming from lower. 国家自然科学基金(40006010);科技部基础数据项目(2003DEB5J057);国家海洋局青年海洋科学基金(2003122)项目资助
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