| Summary: | 近年来北冰洋气候系统发生了显著变化,海冰面积减小和厚度变薄是最主要的特征.利用美国国家冰中心的1997—2005年东西伯利亚海海冰密集度数据,研究了该海域海冰覆盖率的多年变化特征.结果表明:1997—2001年海冰冰情偏重,2002—2005年海冰冰情明显减轻,尤其是2005年,海冰面积覆盖率创密集度为近几年最低值.海冰融冰期长度和海冰面积覆盖率最小值与海冰面积指数的相关系数在置信水平为0.95时分别达到-0.90236和0.9098,海表负积温与海冰面积指数的相关系数达到-0.7424.近年来东西伯利亚海海面风场的偏南风有加强趋势,有利于海冰的北向运移和暖空气北上,造成海冰面积持续减小.河流径流量在9A中整体呈现增长趋势,与海冰具有很好的负相关性. Recently,there are many remarkable variations in the Arctic Ocean with shrinking of sea ice coverage and thinning of sea ice.The purpose of this paper is to study the multi-year variations of sea ice area with the satellite remote sensing data of the East Siberian Sea during 1997—2005 provided by National Snow and Ice Data Center of USA.The study shows that there were heavy conditions of sea ice in the East Siberian Sea in 1997—2001 while there were light conditions of sea ice in this region in 2002—2005.Especially,the sea ice area minimum over the past years occurred in 2005.The four variable-sea ice area index,semi-melt duration,minimum of the sea ice coverage and negative cumulative temperature-are listed for the research of multi-years variations of the sea ice coverage.The sea ice area index is representative of ice condition.The correlation coefficients between the sea ice area index and the semi-melt duration,sea ice area minimum and the negative cumulative temperature are -0.9024,0.9098 and -0.7424,respectively.The sea surface southerly has strengthened in the East Siberian Sea since 2000,which is in favor of the sea ice and warm air moving northwards,resulting in sea ice area decreasing.The river discharge to the East Siberian Sea increased on the whole in 1997—2005,which had negative correlation with sea ice condition. 国家自然科学基金项目:“北极环极边界流的结构及其对气候变化贡献的研究”(40631006)资助
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