| Summary: | 为了探讨盐度对幼鱼肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响,作者将平均体质量为(7.16±0.07)g的大菱鲆(SCOPHTHAl MuSMAXIMuS)幼鱼分别饲养在盐度(12、18、24、30(对照组)和36)水体中60 d。结果表明,不同盐度下,幼鱼肌肉中的氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)总量、非必需氨基(nEAA)总量和呈味氨基酸(fAA)总量分别在69.25%±0.37%~74.85%±1.26%、31.70%±0.11%~33.74%±0.28%、31.29%±0.44%~34.60%±1.26%和24.20%±0.66%~26.98%±1.02%,从高到低依次为36组>30组>12组>18组>24组,36组均显著高于24组(P<0.05)。支链氨基酸(bCAA)总量、EAA/TAA、EAA/nEAA、fAA/TAA分别在14.94%±0.34%~15.37%±0.18%、44.57%±1.20%~45.78%±0.26%、80.40%±3.93%~84.42%±0.89%和34.95%±0.70%~36.41%±1.33%,各盐度组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)在40.41±1.23~44.46±0.54,30和36组显著大于其他组(P<0.05)。脂肪酸(TfA)总量和非必需脂肪酸(nEfA)总量分别在88.65%±0.68%~89.66%±0.32%和85.11%±0.78%~86.38%±0.37%,12和30组均显著高于18组(P<0.05)。多不饱和脂肪酸(PufAS)总量和EPA+dHA总量分别在34.95%±1.01%~36.88%±0.64%和23.53%±1.30%~25.74%±0.25%,从高到低依次为36组>30组>24组>12组>18组,各盐度组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。必需脂肪酸(EfA)总量在3.28%±0.04%~3.58%±0.10%,各盐度组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。饱和脂肪酸(SfA)总量在27.51%±0.37%~29.83%±0.35%,12组显著高于36组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,36组大菱鲆幼鱼肌肉中的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成有所改善,其蛋白质和脂肪质量得到提高。研究成果可为大菱鲆渗透压调节的能量代谢机制及肌肉营养品质的环境调节机理积累基础资料。 The amino acid and fatty acid compositions in muscles of juvenile turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)(body weight of 7.16g±0.07g) were investigated, which have been reared at salinities 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 for 60 days.The results showed that total amino acid(TAA), essential amino acids(EAA), nonessential amino acids(NEAA) and flavor amino acids(FAA) contents in muscles of juvenile turbot were 69.25%±0.37%~74.85%±1.26%, 31.70%±0.11%~33.74%±0.28%, 31.29%±0.44%~34.60%±1.26% and 24.20%±0.66%~26.98%±1.02%, respectively.The content gradient was showed as follows: salinity 36 > salinity 30 > salinity 12 > salinity 18 > salinity 24, and those of fish reared at salinity 36 were significantly higher than those of fish maintained at salinity 24(P<0.05).The contents of branched chain amino acids(BCAA), EAA/TAA, EAA/NEAA, FAA/TAA were 14.94%±0.34%~15.37%±0.18%, 44.57%±1.20%~45.78%±0.26%, 80.40%±3.93%~84.42%±0.89% and 34.95%±0.70%~36.41%± 1.33%, respectively.There were no significant differences between groups(P>0.05).The essential amino acid index(EAAI) was 40.41±1.23~44.46±0.54, increasing with the rise of water salinity.The EAAI of fish reared at salinities 30 and 36 was significant higher than those of other salinity groups(P<0.05).The total fatty acids(TFA) and non-essential fatty acids(NEFA) contents were 88.65%±0.68%~89.66%±0.32% and 85.11%±0.78%~86.38%± 0.37%, respectively.The TFA and NEFA of fish reared at salinities 12 and 30 were significant higher than those of fish adapted to salinity 18(P<0.05).The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAS) and EPA+DHA were 34.95%±1.01%~36.88%±0.64% and 23.53%±1.30%~25.74%±0.25%, respectively.The content gradient was showed as follows: salinity 36 > salinity 30 > salinity 24 > salinity 12 > salinity 18, all of which had no significant differences between groups(P>0.05).The essential fatty acids(EFA) content was 3.28%±0.04%~3.58%±0.10%, no significant differences were observed between groups(P>0.05).The saturated fatty acids(SFA) content was 27.51%± 0.37%~29.83%±0.35%.The EFA in fish maintained at salinity 12 was significant higher than that of fish reared at salinity 36(P<0.05).Therefore, the qualities of free amino acid and fatty acid in muscles of fish reared at salinity 36 had been greatly improved in comparison with those of the control(salinity 30).This study provides important references for mechanistic researches on energy metabolisms of osmoregulation and salinity selection in turbot mariculture. 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CA-RS-50)
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