| Summary: | The Reporter is a publication produced by Western Carolina University featuring news, events, and campus community updates for faculty and staff. The publication began in August of 1970 and continues digitally today. Click on the link in the “Related Materials” field to access recent issues. 1H Reporter October 3, 1986 A Weekly Newsletter for the Faculty and Staff of Western Carolina University / Cullowhee, North Carolina GLASS IN NORTH CAROLINA - SHE PRESENTS IT TO THE WORLD Joan Falconer Byrd was present at the birth of an art movement, and she's never gotten over it. It's a fascination with hot glass frozen into art forms, art forms that have taken on more daring characteristics as the 20-year-old movement has developed. "Exciting" is a word she uses often. That's why, although her own art is pottery, she is a primary spokesperson for the studio glass movement, especially its artists in North Carolina. "By any reckoning, North Carolina ranks high among the four or five major creative glass centers in the country," she says. Byrd was a student in the first "hot glass" class taught at an American university, and it was taught by the man who in a sense gave birth to the medium as a creative art form carried out by an individual working alone. She has seen the movement develop until by 1974 there were enough artists working in this state alone that she was able to put together for Western an exhibition of North Carolina glass. Her professor at Wisconsin, Harvey K. Littleton, decided to move to western North Carolina after coming to Cullowhee to open the 1976 exhibition. Byrd with a Harvey Littleton sculpture for the exhibition It has become a biennial and an international event. This year's exhibition, currently on display in Belk Gallery, opened in Charleston during the Spoleto Festival and will travel to the Butler Institute of American Art in Ohio when it leaves Western. A parallel exhibition of the same artists, with the same catalog but different pieces of glass, is traveling in Europe, as it did in 1984. The catalog text is written in both English and German. In honor of Byrd's work and the "North Carolina Glass" exhibition, Governor James G. Martin has proclaimed October "Glass Awareness Month" in North Carolina. Art glass is being exhibited in eight museums and galleries across the state this month. Until Harvey Littleton melted silica with chemical fluxes in an old pottery kiln and cut and shaped the resulting forms, no one believed that an artist working alone in his studio could melt and blow glass. Previously glassmaking had been a factory operation. The famous American glass designers of the early 20th century, Tiffany and Carder, seldom worked directly with the hot glass. After their time, the possibilities of glass were not explored even on the factory level. "Harvey unleashed the potential of the medium for the studio artist," Byrd says. He is the acknowledged "father" of the studio glass movement as it exists today. "Instead of a split between the designer and the craftsman, you have them both in one person," Byrd says. "The artist understands the potentialities of the material so you have not designs as an abstraction but as an expression of the medium. The medium itself suggests the forms to you." A graduate student of Littleton's came to North Carolina in 1965 to set up a rudimentary glass studio at Pen land School, Byrd says, and glass has been taught there ever since. "A great many artists have come to teach or study at Penland and then settled in the mountains," she says. In 1972, Fritz Dreisbach came to Western to do a glass workshop and built our first glass furnace. Soon afterward, Byrd organized the first exhibition of North Carolina glass. "We taught it on an irregular basis," she says, "until David Nichols came in 1975 as artist-in-residence." He built a new glass-blowing facility here. "David's work is particularly exciting right now," Byrd says. "He's really come up with something. His new pieces are quite large, using electroformed copper with glass. I think they're extremely strong." Students at Western can study with Nichols as well as with artists at Penland School and get a B.F.A. or M.A. in art with a concentration in glass, she says. The schools have a cooperative agreement. Byrd's association with Littleton and the other glass artists has given her a perspective that allows her to speak for them, often better than they can speak for themselves. She wrote the essay for the catalog produced by the High Museum in Atlanta for its retrospective exhibition of Littleton's work in 1984, and her numerous articles on the individual artists and the movement as a whole have been published and reprinted in arts magazines both here and abroad. Her article on the 1984 exhibition in the German Neues Glas was a factor in taking the 1986 exhibition to Germany. "Glass artists are receiving a tremendous amount of attention on the international scene," Byrd says. Especially in Japan and Europe, people are very interested in the North Carolina artists, who have traveled to Japan to open their exhibitions. "They are not isolated, even though they may be working in a remote part of the world. "It's an important show worldwide," she says. "We get a lot of recognition internationally." She gets requests for catalogs from as far away as Australia and Japan, and a glass museum in Denmark is selling the catalogs. Although Byrd chooses the artists for the show, the artists choose their own pieces. "They are all developing rapidly," she says. "I really want their up-to-the-minute best work. In a sense the work in the current show is a little old because it's been together since May. By the end of January when it comes down in Ohio, the pieces will be very old, unfortunately." Since Byrd began putting the shows together in 1974, the movement's growth has made the choices more difficult. "In the first show I included everybody working in hot glass in North Carolina," she says. "A number of them—the best—are still in this show. By 1978 I had to start turning some down." Byrd is pensive about her deep involvement in the glass movement and the time it has taken away from her own art. "I love pottery. I really enjoy getting my hands in clay," she says. "With glass you are usually working at arm's length. The glass has to be heated over 2,000 degrees. And it's a lot of strain for a woman—the blowpipe is a five-foot length of iron with a piece of glass that may weigh 20 pounds on the end. It takes a lot of strength. I wish I had become good in glass; it's the thing to be in now. But pottery is friendlier, I think." Her porcelain work has been influenced by her ventures into glass, she says. "I feel very close to the North Carolina glass artists. They are all my friends. I'd like to see them not misinterpreted. I don't consider myself a critic, but I like being a voice for artists who don't always write well. I can be more objective than they can," she says. And whatever her regrets, Byrd is still excited about the movement. "The excitement carries on," she says. "It's really a dance AUTHORS DISPLAYED Western's faculty authors are currently featured in an exhibit in the lobby of UNC General Administration offices in Chapel Hill. To create the exhibit, Public Information collected as many books by faculty members as possible. Those which had titles on the spine were arranged on a shelf and photographed. From a life-size rendition of the books, seven books by three authors were pulled forward, in three dimensions and those three authors were described and pictured below the shelf. A card catalog has tabbed cards naming more than 40 authors still at WCU whose books are included. The three featured are Jane Schulz, whose two editions of Mainstreaming Handicapped Students will soon be joined by her new book on parenting the handicapped (now in press); Max Williams, who is working on the eighth volume of Alexander Graham papers and a biography of the state's antebellum governor; and Rick Harrison, who has three books on invertebrate biology and microscopy—a fourth coming out next spring—and recently agreed to edit a f'fteen-volume treatise on the microscopic anatomy of invertebrates. The display will be up through October. when you are in tune. David [Nichols] is really in tune with the medium. I guess the word is flow. It's an incredible thing to watch. The glass seems to be alive. A lot of glass retains its fluidity even when its movement is frozen—that's one of the signs of good glass." JOANN HICKEY (Political Science, Public Affairs, Sociology) and ANTHONY A. HICKEY (dean, Research and Graduate Studies) presented a paper titled "Development Activities of American Missionaries in Sub-Saharan Africa" at the August national meeting of the Rural Sociological Society in Salt Lake City. MERT CREGGER (director, CIML) will deliver the keynote address at a conference for teacher educators in Radford, Va., Oct. 12-13. He will emphasize the importance of development education in public schools and of linking education with the community. POSITION OPENING — Public Information needs someone to replace Molly Schwartz, who has been its "booker" to place faculty and staff on appropriate talk shows. Contact Personnel if you are interested: Hourly part-time Information 3c Communications Specialist (Coordinator of Public Information), Public Information; $6.96 per hour; graduation from a four-year college or university, preferably with a major in journalism or English; or an equivalent combination of training and experience. Requires good communications skills and tactfulness; public relations background and experience; an understanding of media requirements; and the ability to handle travel schedules. Must be able to develop and coordinate visits of faculty and staff members to appear on television and radio talk shows in the Carolinas, Tennessee, Georgia, and Florida. Twenty hours per week for approximately eight or nine months. NO FRINGE BENEFITS. CAMPUS EVENTS Songs - Singer Jane Sapp will perform songs of the civil rights movement in the Mountain Heritage Center at 7:30 p.m. Saturday, Oct. 18. A limited number of free tickets are available from the N.C. Center for the Advancement of Teaching. First come, first served. Call Susie Jones, ext. 7370. Computer Workshops - Next week the Computer Center has two workshops for faculty and staff. On Tuesday, Oct. 7, Microcomputer Communications will be repeated from 3 until 5 p.m. Make a micro "talk" to another computer and use Kermit and terminal emulator to transmit files. Computer-generated Visual Aids will be taught Thursday, Oct. 9, from 3 until 5 p.m. You can create slides and transparencies from computer-generated graphics and text. To register call ext. 7282. Marsha Cameron, president of Jackson County United Way, presents a certificate honoring Western's participation in the fund-raising drive to Raymond Ledford, who is heading the university's campaign this year, and Judy Dowell, assistant to the chancellor, who helped implement the State Employees Combined Campaign at the university. The occasion was a Sept. 23 breakfast, sponsored by WCU, to kick off the 1986-87 drive. Last year university employees pledged $13,206.50 to help the county meet its $39,000 goal. It is a way to support 24 local agencies and organizations as well as state agencies, national health agencies, and independent agencies, with payroll deduction available as well as direct contributions. United Way leaders hope to conclude the drive by Thanksgiving. Instructional Oct. 15. Services Office on or before Concert - Pianist Constance Knox Carroll will perform in the Music-English Recital Hall Wednesday, Oct. 8, at 8 p.m. Her recital is part of the Lectures, Concerts, and Exhibitions series and will cost $5 for adults who are not LCE subscribers. Theatre - Speech and Theatre Arts will present Greater Tuna next week, with dinner or dessert on some nights, in the Grandroom of Hinds University Center. The play takes a hysterical look at small-town Texas life. Come at 7 p.m. on Tuesday, Oct. 7, for the play only. For dessert, come Wednesday at 6. For dinner with roast beef and orange chicken, come Thursday at 6. Adult prices are $5, $7, and $10 for the three nights. Dinner reservations must be prepaid. Call ext. 7491 for more. WANT TO TRADE PLACES? Anyone interested in a faculty exchange placement for 1987-88 should apply soon. Completed application forms are due in the Over the several weeks following, the NFE coordinator will discuss applications with appropriate administrators, requesting replacement criteria and obtaining signatures. On Nov. 13 the coordinator will mail all approved applications to the NFE headquarters. Between November and January, the NFE headquarters will mail application materials to institutions selected by each applicant and request information on possible placements. In February and March, mostly by the end of February, the NFE will notify applicants of potential placements. During March and April, the NFE coordinator will prepare a Home Memorandum of Agreement, which lists basic provisions of the exchange assignment, and will route this document to applicants and their respective administrators for approval. Application forms are available in the Instructional Services Office. Contact Ben Ward, ext. 7197, for more information. H Reporter October 10, 1986 A Weekly Newsletter for the Faculty and Staff of Western Carolina University / Cullowhee, North Carolina DEBATING THE CONS OF THE DAN1LOFF CASE - A FACULTY FORUM The U.S. arrests a Soviet U.N. employee, physicist Gennadi Zakharov, for espionage. The Soviets arrest an American journalist, Nicholas Daniloff, on the same charge. The two supernations confront each other over these individuals and a summit meeting is threatened. Then a minisummit is scheduled, Daniloff is released in Moscow, and Zakharov is released in New York. The statesmen and editorialists of the nation are not the only ones pondering the significance of these events. Western's chapter of Pi Gamma Mu, the international honor society in the social sciences, sponsored a forum last week in which faculty members aired their views on what has transpired. An interested audience of students and faculty filled the Cherokee Room. Wednesday's forum came hard on the heels of the release of the two men, so much of the discussion centered on what it all meant rather than what the U.S. should do. Of course, there was also talk about what the U.S. should have done. William Latimer of the Political Science faculty was outspoken in his feeling that the U.S. had given the Soviets "a colonel in the KGB in exchange for a journalist." When asked by a student what action he would have taken, Professor Latimer said he would have sent home not 25 but 225 U.N. employees, whom he identified as spies. "This was indeed what we call in chess terms a Red Knight's gambit—the sacrifice of a pawn, a pawn who had been set up, a pawn who was indeed a good and courageous journalist," Latimer said, pointing out the prowess of Russian chess players. He felt that the affair was "a Soviet attempt to make our journalists equivalent to their spies" with the dual effect of intimidating our journalists and gaining a freedom of movement for their spies. Pointing out the reliance of their system on espionage, he said, "Most of their technology comes from spying and they have almost free access." He warned that the KGB dominates the Politburo nowadays and that KGB thinking therefore is involved in most of what the Soviet government does, including its war in Afghanistan. From the History Department, Cliff Lovin's contribution concentrated on his reading of the European press, which looks on the whole affair somewhat more objectively than the American press. European newswriters and opinion makers believe that, as might be expected, neither government is telling the whole truth. They assume Gorbachev planned the Daniloff incident but ask why he did it. In Germany, they say he did it to create an impetus to the summit they need so badly, but that it was a substantial risk because we might have called off the summit entirely. "Now Gorbachev is in a stronger position for the summit," Dr. Lovin said. "Plus he gets a minisummit. The German Zeitung says he will put the gambit in his book and it will happen again. If the Soviets can do this and get away with it, journalists will be vulnerable in the future." Charles Stevens, also from Political Science, also identified the Soviets' preoccupation with espionage, their concern with protecting their secrets and getting others' secrets. He said they may not have anticipated the response of the American media fraternity to the arrest of one of its members and predicted that next time the innocent victim may be a businessman or a tourist. The whole incident is involved with perceptions and face-saving, he said, as in the question of "who blinked first" in the face-down. The media have certainly played a major role in the image-making. Nevertheless, he feels that the incident was not part of a grand strategy, rather an accident along the way like the U-2 incident in 1960. William Herbert, who teaches journalism in the English Department, offered what he called some "peripheral insights" from a journalist's perspective. He said that Daniloff's behavior has been splendid in the context of his values, proceeding from certain rules and values. A newspaperman's idea, he said, is not just to get the story but to get what he perceives as the truth. "The Russians proceed from different values," he said. "To a degree the White House does too. They are concerned with appearances." Considering the purpose of Russian newspapers—to promote their system of organization, with nothing unpleasant coming in or out—journalists and spies may indeed have something in common, Dr. Herbert said. "If something unpleasant happens in Washington, the journalist is like a spy to get at the truth. The Russians don't want anything unpleasant coming out about themselves. So if he were asking those kinds of questions, he might be considered a spy," he said. He emphasized the importance of a strong free press in the U.S. and noted that Daniloff has come home a hero. "The media do influence things," he said. "I guess it's important to remember that they should." But he also pointed out the danger of generalities about "the media," considering the independence of newspapers and radio stations in the U.S. The discussion following the planned presentations centered upon how much the United States or the Soviet Union had lost or won. Dr. Stevens pointed out that Gorbachev is in some trouble in his own country and his actions must be seen in view of the pressure from the KGB. The big question remains to be answered, panelists agreed: that is, whether a productive summit meeting can follow these interchanges. RUTH CLOTTEY (Marketing/Management) was one of 75 marketing educators invited to attend the 1986 American Marketing Association's Faculty Consortium at the University of Tennessee (Knoxville) July 13-17. The consortium provided an opportunity for marketing professors to learn and discuss cutting edge issues in strategic marketing research and practice. Participants represented higher education institutions in Asia, Europe, and North America. SAM BECK (Print Shop) was one of the recipients of the Governor's Award for Individual Community Service last week for his work as a volunteer fire fighter and fire chief. He has been with the Sylva Fire Department since 1958, and has been active in education about fire prevention and proper actions to take in case of fire. He helped organize and is a member of the Jackson County Fire Commission and the Jackson County Emergency Services Association. He also helped establish a mutual aid plan for all county fire departments. JAMES W. WALLACE (Biology) participated in a workshop on "Using the Inquiry Method for Teaching General Botany" sponsored by the American Institute for Biological Sciences Aug. 11 at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. The same week, also at the university in Amherst, Dr. Wallace presented a paper, "The Flavonoid Profile of Cymophyllus fraseri (Andrews) Makenzie," during the annual meeting of the Botanical Society of America which convened Aug. 11-14. JON JICHA and ROBERT GODFREY (Art) as well as graduate student Saralyn Spradling have been included in the Asheville Art Museum's "October Show." Godfrey received the jurors' award for his painting "The Palm Court Dancers." The exhibition will continue until Nov. 23. WILLIAM PAULK (English) has won first prize and a cash award for his poem "The Quiet Time" in the Kentucky State Poetry Society Annual Contest. The award will be presented Oct. 18 at the Awards Dinner of the Poetry Day Convention held by the society in Bardstown, Ky. HARRY MANES (Social Work) presented a paper, "Rural-Urban Docking," at the 11th National Institute on Social Work in Rural Areas at James Madison University in Virginia. RAYMOND LEDFORD (CAP Center and Social Work) and WILBURN HAYDEN (head, Social Work) participated in a conference in Hickory sponsored by CIML and the Institute of Government at UNC-Chapel Hill. The conference was to orient new county social services board members. Hay den made opening remarks and Ledford presented a workshop, "Public Relations and Leadership Roles of Board Members." Nearly 40 board members and Social Services directors from the region attended. ROBERT RAY (head, Health, Physical Education, and Recreation) attended the N.C. College Conference for Health and Physical Education in Raleigh Sept. 19. He also has been appointed to an ad hoc committee of the N.C. Association of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation to study and recommend fundings for elementary physical education to be included in the Basic Education program in the state. DEANNE WINIARSKI and JOHN BEEGLE (Accounting) attended the Accounting Education Forum held in Charlotte Sept. 19-20. Mrs. Winiarski served as chairperson of the conference and Dr. Beegle presented a session on "The Accountant's Legal Liability." ZOA ROCKENSTEIN (Human Services) gave a keynote speech, "Developing Your Creative Characteristics," at a recent meeting of the N.C. Association of Women Deans, Administrators, and Counselors. In August, she conducted a workshop on future scenario writing for the Piedmont Consortium on Gifted Education in Spartanburg, S.C., and a three-day workshop on whole-brain learning for the Asheville City Schools. She has been elected to a two-year term on the board of directors for the N.C. Association of Gifted and Talented and has given several other presentations on topics related to whole-brain learning in recent months. WESTERN ON THE AIR Recent media appearances by WCU faculty, all arranged by the Office of Public Information, include these: Steve Gold (Psychology) appeared on the "Morning Show," an hour-and-a-half talk show on WPTF-AM in Raleigh, to discuss his research on daydreaming. Dr. Gold has been investigating the positive effects of daydreaming, particularly as an aid to depression. Finn Esbensen (Criminal Justice and Sociology) appeared on "Carolina Spotlight," a new program on WKFT-TV in Fayetteville, to discuss the resurgence of the theory that genetics are responsible for criminal behavior. Dr. Esbensen says that such theories arise about every 20 years and are virtually impossible to validate. They would imply that societal factors are not at all responsible for criminal behavior. Austin Spencer (Economics and Finance) appeared on the half-hour show "Your Money and Your Life" on WSOC-TV in Charlotte to discuss the recent rise in the interstate sale of banks, up from 10 in 1981 to over 160 so far in 1986. He addressed the need for more effective regulation. CHINESE DELEGATION TO VISIT A seven-member delegation of Chinese university and local government officials will visit Western Oct. 13-31 as part of an ongoing academic exchange between WCU and Yunnan University, with new emphasis on developing the economy of the Chinese province. For the first time, government officials will accompany Yunnan University visiting faculty to observe and perhaps attempt to model programs after WCU's regional outreach projects, especially those of the Center for Improving Mountain Living. The Chinese officials also will attempt to establish business and trade relationships with companies and individuals in Western North Carolina, Raleigh, and East Tennessee. A major area of agreement between WCU and Yunnan University during the past year of its five-year relationship has been to assist Yunnan University in establishing on its campus an economic development center to serve the province. CIML includes such a center, and the delegation will spend a week studying CIML's four divisions—human resources, economic development, natural resources, and international programs—and its work with WNC Tomorrow, a regional development organization. The visitors will work with the Division of Continuing Education and the Tennessee Valley Authority and will meet with business people in Charlotte, Asheville, and Kingsport, Tenn., toward establishing trade relationships. The team includes a political official with special interest in the development of mountainous areas and minority groups, representatives of the Foreign Affairs Office, an agriculture expert, and the president of Yunnan University as head of the delegation. CAMPUS EVENTS Songs - Singer Jane Sapp will perform songs of the civil rights movement in the Mountain Heritage Center at 7:30 p.m. Saturday, Oct. IS. A limited number of free tickets are available from the N.C. Center for the Advancement of Teaching. First come, first served. Call Susie Jones, ext. 7370. Computer Workshop - The Computer Center is offering a workshop for faculty and staff who want to learn basic techniques in using SPSSx, a statistical software package, next Tuesday, Oct. 14, from 2 p.m. until 5 p.m. To register call ext. 7282. Homecoming - Western's homecoming will be celebrated Oct. 25 with the theme "Cat's Magic." On Friday night, Oct. 24, the pep rally and skits at 8 p.m. will be followed by fireworks in Whitmire Stadium. The Homecoming Parade, which offers some $300 in awards for floats, banners, and other entries, begins at 11 a.m. on Saturday, and Western plays VMI at 2 p.m. The evening includes an alumni dinner dance at the Catamount Inn (7 p.m.) and a Homecoming Dance on campus in the Grandroom (8 p.m.). Other alumni events are also included. Chancellor Myron L. Coulter, left, presents Mary Ulmer Chiltoskey, librarian and keeper of Cherokee tribal myths, legends, and medicine lore, with the 1986 Mountain Heritage Award on Saturday, Sept. 27. Mrs. Chiltoskey, wife of famed Cherokee woodcarver Going Back Chiltoskey, center, received the award in a late afternoon ceremony at the chancellor's home. The author of books on Cherokee cooking, words, and plants, she has been a major force in collecting, writing, and sharing the way of life of the Cherokee for 44 years. As a librarian at the Cherokee Indian School, she built a collection of authentic Cherokee legends and lore, a part of Cherokee culture that was largely unrecorded previously. According to Dr. Coulter, "She did this against considerable odds, even to defying orders to throw out the Cherokee material she had gathered." Bartram Trail Meeting - Anne F. Rogers, anthropologist and professor at WCU, will be the keynote speaker at the ninth annual meeting of the N.C. Bartram Trail Society Saturday, Oct. 11, at the Highlands Civic Center. She will describe "Cherokee Towns of the Contact Period" at the 10 a.m. meeting. Afterwards, the society will sponsor a picnic and a hike in the Highlands area, all open to the public at no charge. Family Swim - Reid Pool is now open for family swim on Friday afternoon from 5 until 6:30 p.m. and Sunday from 1 until 2:30 except for holidays and school breaks. The cost is $10 per family to cover the lifeguard and use of facilities. University employees and married students and their children and spouses are eligible to participate, but children must be at least three years old. All children must be accompanied by a parent. A release form regarding university liability must be signed at the time of enrollment in the program. To sign UP> go by the office of the head of the Health, Physical Education, and Recreation Department in Reid. m Reporter October 17, 1986 A Weekly Newsletter for the Faculty and Staff of Western Carolina University / Cullowhee, North Carolina HELPING TO BRING BACK THE PEREGRINE The peregrine falcon has always been the stuff of legend. From ancient times, falcons were tamed to provide sport for kings and ladies, and up into this century they have been widely used for such purposes in England and Asia. These magnificent birds of prey, capable of speeds of nearly 200 miles per hour when they swoop down on their quarry, are native to the high mountains of western North Carolina. Since 1958, however, they have been gone—victims of DDT, which made their eggshells too thin to hold up long enough for chicks to develop. Now they are coming back, and a WCU senior has taken a hand in the return. For more than a month last summer, Christine Gettys lived on a mountain near Highlands and watched over the progress of young peregrines who were born in captivity for release to the wild. She and her companion, Karen Cooper, a wildlife management major at N.C. State, fed and observed the behavior of two females and a much smaller male as they grew from 35-day-old downy chicks to falcons who could catch their prey on the wing along the steep mountainsides. The program to reintroduce wild peregrines to their native habitats came to Jackson County last year. It is sponsored by The Peregrine Fund, a world-wide foundation working on such efforts, the U.S. Forest Service, and the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission, with cooperation from the N.C. Fish and Wildlife Service. Jay Davies, a representative of the Wildlife Resources Commission at WCU, says the effort is part of the commission's Nongame and Endangered Species program, funded by checkoff contributions on the state income tax form. "North Carolinians have been very generous in doing this," he says. According to Davies, we won't know if the reintroduction program is working until the peregrines reach nesting age in a few more years. The principle is that peregrines, who may travel across the continent or to South America, normally return to the site where they were raised when it is time to have young of their own. Through a process called hacking, the chicks are protected in a potential nesting site until they are old enough to fly, then fed until they are able to take their own prey. The problem is to keep them wild while "mothering" them. In order not to bond to people, the birds must not realize that people are feeding them. Hence the "hacking box," a box that allows the birds to see out on one side to familiarize them selves with the landscape and vicinity, but prevents them from seeing their human caretakers. The box had peepholes so the girls could observe the birds inside. "They would peep right back at us," Christine says. "We'd see those little beady eyes when we looked into the hole." They fed the peregrines quail through a feeding tube into the box. After 10 days, when they got the OK from Allen Boynton, mountain project leader for the Nongame and Endangered Species program, they released the birds by removing the front of the box. They continued to leave quail until they were certain that the birds would no longer return to the box for food—which meant that they were finding food of their own. The most exciting day was the day of release. The male flew almost at once and was gone for hours, but t2hke n returned for food. The females at first wandered around playing in puddles on the rocks and did not begin to fly until about 2k hours after the male did. Karen and Christine were thrilled by their ability, vastly amused by their mishaps (especially landings, when they often overshot or crashed), and terribly pleased with "their" falcons. "We couldn't let the babies see us," Christine says, so at this point the girls moved back into the wooden tower they had earlier abandoned because it was full of mice—as many as 50. (They killed as many mice as possible but they would still hear them at night. "One of us would shine the light and the other would hit them with hiking boots," she says.) Taking care of the birds 2k hours a day and keeping the mouse population under control still left plenty of time for other things. The girls were to observe other birds in the area, especially hawks and turkey vultures who might interact with the peregrines. They would—separately—hike down the mountain daily so they would be tired enough to sleep at night. Still they had time to read, suntan, knit, and look at the view. In the evenings, they would take turns reading aloud while the other knitted. "We read Watership Down that way," Christine says. But they weren't alone all the time, and occasionally a visitor would bring up a radio. They had walkie-talkies for communicating with forest rangers and Boynton, who supervised their work. Every few days, he or the rangers would bring more quail (frozen) and other things they needed. They did their own shopping in Highlands for food and the like, but the birds were never left unsupervised. At times, in fact, the worry was that they weren't alone enough. On Memorial Day they had nearly 20 people come up to see the view—though everyone was understanding once the need to stay out of the way and to keep quiet was explained to them. The girls had to be on the lookout for roaming dogs and other potential predators in addition to the bigger birds. And there was their own safety to think about. One concerned, though inebriated, passerby insisted they take his .22 for protection. "It really wasn't an ideal site for hacking," Christine says. "It has the disadvantage of too many people and it was not a place the peregrines would naturally return to—the mountain wasn't steep enough." She doubts it will be used for hacking again. Unfortunately, one of the females apparently did not make it. She disappeared at 51 days old, not old enough to take her own game. Christine's log recorded an encounter between two of the peregrines and one or two ravens that day, and the next day she observed turkey vultures circling below. She investigated, but could find no sign of the lost peregrine. The two girls were a good match for their summer job. "Karen knew a lot about wildlife management, but she didn't know much about animals," Christine says. "I had always raised my own Jerseys and horses." A biology and environmental health major, she comes from a farm in Rutherford County. The hardest time was the week they stayed after the other two birds had flown away. The girls had to see if the young ones would need to return for food, but there was little for them to do. "We'd read all the books. We didn't need to write any more letters," Christine says. dust before they left the mountain, she went to the nearby bluffs to see what she could see. It had been a week since she had seen the male, more than a week since she had seen the surviving female. After a couple of hours, she sighted a small brown peregrine aiming for prey. He was alone in the wild and taking care of himself—a sight to make any mama proud. OUTREACH COUNCIL APPOINTED Chancellor Myron L. Coulter has appointed an Outreach Coordinating Council to ensure cooperation and coordination among Western's various outreach efforts. The council will serve three purposes: (1) To provide opportunities for major program directors and deans to discuss with the council their concerns with regard to requests for services from their areas of responsibility. (2) To avoid duplication of resources where possible and yet to provide the most effective services possible to Western's areas of influence. (3) To study and make appropriate recommendations concerning issues involving the outreach programs and services of the university. Those appointed to the council, all involved in outreach already, are Larry Arney, Dru Bowman, Joe Creech, Mert Cregger, Doug Davis, Judy Dowell, Glenn Hardesty, Diana Henshaw, Ellerd Hulbert, Kendall King, Ray Ledford, Jim Manring, Jim Medlin, Frank Prochaska, Harry Ramsey, Susie Ray, Randy Rice, Jim Rowell, and Terry Wanless. At its first meeting, the council elected Mert Cregger its chairperson and Harry Ramsey its vice-chair. The council is advisory to the Vice-Chancellor for Academic Affairs and the Chancellor. At its next meeting, the group will be learning about the outreach activities— with folks from the Cherokees to the Chinese—of other members and identifying issues, concerns, and problems related to the university's outreach programs. TEACHING TALKS CONTINUE This week teams from the University of North Florida and Georgia College are visiting Western for a two-day round of talks, discussions, and presentations on teaching effectiveness, adult learners, and faculty evaluation. The visit is part of Western's involvement with the Revolving Institutional Exchange program of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, in which small groups of institutions trade ideas for enhancing their universities. A little-publicized aspect of Western's Teaching Effectiveness Task Force, the R.I.E. team works separately to reach out and share what the task force has learned with other institutions, which may or may not be involved in efforts as comprehensive or active as Western's. Eight members of the task force also serve as the R.I.E. team: Michael Dougherty, J.C. Alexander, Ben Ward, Frank Prochaska, Jim Addison, Mary Anne Nixon, Scott Higgins, and Jane Hall. The team comprises representatives from each undergraduate school as well as the chairman of the faculty, the interim assistant vice-chancellor for academic affairs, and the coordinator of Instructional Services. The exchange visit began Wednesday night with a reception and dinner for the visitors and continues with a full program through Friday evening. Meanwhile, Western's work on teaching effectiveness continues. Following up on the "Week-Long Look" at teaching effectiveness last month, brown-bag luncheon discussions on effective teaching are convening in the Faculty Conference Room every Tuesday from 12:15 until 1:30 and Friday from 12 until 1. At the first meeting, 12 faculty members discussed student learning styles, teaching styles, grading practices, lecturing methods, and other points raised during the Week of Excellence. According to Ben Ward, "The main purpose of the discussion groups is to encourage the exchange of teaching tips among faculty. Many people enjoyed the sharing which occurred during the week of Sept. 8-12, and the luncheons are an opportunity to keep this type of sharing going on a regular schedule." Ward sometimes brings an article or plans a speaker to stimulate discussion. He said that faculty members from a number of disciplines have attended. Coffee and tea are available in the Faculty Conference Room every day. On days when no luncheons are planned, faculty members are still welcome to enjoy the facilities, peruse literature on teaching, or experiment with the Mcintosh computer, Ward said. NEW ACCOUNTING SYSTEM Implementation of a new accounting system for the university has begun and will continue throughout this fiscal year. The new system utilizes software developed by Information Associates Inc. and is being installed at all UNC campuses. The acronym for the new system is FRS—the Financial Records System. It maintains an integrated general and subsidiary ledger for financial record keeping and reporting. FRS is designed for both budgetary control and fund accounting. The system complies with the guidelines of the National Association of College and University Business Officers and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The WCU Controller's Office has responsibility for implementing the new system. As the project progresses, all campus departments and accountable officers will be involved. There will be new procedures, forms, and reports to get acquainted with, and new capabilities of the system to test. Training sessions will be scheduled to introduce FRS to campus users and to help make the transition a smooth one. In the meantime, call Chuck Wooten if you have questions (ext. 7334). ANNOUNCEMENTS The District I fall meeting of NCAEOP was held at the Holiday Inn-West in Asheville Oct. 3. The WCU chapter won the attendance award, which is shared with the Jackson County chapter. Audrey Cox (Financial Aid) won a microwave with the winning ticket in the scholarship fundraiser. Special Collections has a new exhibit in the display cases on the second floor of Hunter Library near its office. The exhibit consists of photographs and memorabilia from University Archives, the collection pertaining to Western itself. Take a look into Western's past—beanies, homecoming programs, photos of the old campus, buildings coming and going, medals from societies no longer in existence, and publications whose names are now history. A 20-acre site across the highway from the main entrance to campus—the present site of WCU's greenhouses—has been selected as the permanent site for the N.C. Center for the Advancement of Teaching. The NCCAT board of trustees approved the site and authorized architect Tai Lee of Foy & Lee Associates, Waynesville, to begin construction of a 44,600-square-foot core facility and two residential buildings. R. Bruce McPherson, NCCAT director, said, "All of us associated with the center are delighted with this key decision. We look forward to serving teachers from across the state of North Carolina in the new facility. We want this building to belong in spirit to our teachers." Special Services received a $52,854 grant from the U.S. Department of Education for work with education learning disabled students. The new project will involve research with such students here and technical assistance to staff and faculty working with the learning disabled here and at 15 other postsecondary institutions in the area. Arlene Stewart, who for many years has been working with handicapped and disadvantaged students at Western, will coordinate the learning disabilities project. Frankie Seals is its secretary. CAMPUS EVENTS Art - Chelsea Gallery will open "Daydreams and Fantasies II," ceramics by Norm Schulman of Penland School, with a reception Oct. 22 at 7 p.m. The show will be up until Nov. 13, when a grant from the N.C. Arts Council will allow Chelsea to take it to Warren Wilson College. Reporter H i v v ^ pwi L v ^ J L O c t o b e r 1 9 8 6 A Weekly Newsletter for the Faculty and Staff of Western Carolina University / Cullowhee, North Carolina WHEN WAS THE LAST TIME YOU GAVE BLOOD? "Nobody knows when they're going to need blood," Otto Spilker says. "Nine years ago we needed a lot of blood for someone in our family." Dr. Spilker, WCU professor of health, physical education, and recreation, has given a lot of blood himself—well over seven gallons. That means he has given more than 60 times, a pint of blood each time. He's been doing it for many years, not just nine. Spilker will give blood again next week. According to Barbara Carter, who with Barbara Coulter co-chairs the WCU blood-mobile volunteers, there is now a core of about peopkl2e with university connections who work on two-and-a-half hour shifts. These include students, faculty and staff or their spouses, Patrons of Quality, wives of trustees, and retired faculty and staff. Jesse Flake, who retired a couple of years ago as internal auditor, works every blood-mobile on campus and many elsewhere. The volunteers free the nurses' time to man the stations, Mrs. Carter says. Dr. Spilker always tells his classes to give blood, too. "They really don't want to. Some of them are afraid, though there are those it doesn't bother one way or another. I enjoy watching them in the process of giving, especially the first time," he says. Dr. Spilker has never had a bad reaction after donating blood, he says, although he might occasionally get a bruise. The veins are like thick cords on his arms—easy to He's part of the reason Western is tops in the region in blood donations, but—although university policy does allow employees to donate blood without taking leave time—few faculty and staff are as dedicated as he is. WCU students have been the big donors when the Red Cross Bloodmobile comes to campus, as it will again next week. The bloodmobile will be at the university center Monday through Wednesday Oct. 27-29. "We are very proud of Western and the work it does," says Harriet Winner, director of volunteer services for the Asheville Area Red Cross Chapter's Regional Blood Services program. "We serve 35 hospitals in our region and couldn't do it without the help of everyone at WCU. We appreciate the way faculty, staff, and students support us through donations, and we appreciate the work our volunteers do and the work of the sponsoring fraternities. "A fraternity sponsors each visit and is responsible for supplemental volunteers, recruiting donors, and publicity. I want to say these young people have done a magnificent job in the past," she says. Fraternities have a kind of competition at the bloodmobile, Dr. Spilker says. find, but sometimes hard to get a needle into because they roll out of the way. "I've heard some say they feel better after giving blood," he says. "I don't feel any better but I don't feel any worse. It's a thing to do, that's all." The worst part, to him, used to be the pricking of the finger to test the blood before the actual donation. After a period when the earlobe was used rather than the finger, a pricking instrument was developed that controls the depth of the prick. "You can't even feel it in the earlobe," he says. "I almost left when they went back to the finger. I darn near walked out." Dr. Spilker's activities with the Red Cross extend far beyond blood donations. He teaches Red Cross classes in canoeing, scuba diving, water safety instruction, kayaking, lifesaving, and swimming at all levels. Next fall he will start a lifeguarding course. He also spends a lot of time on the road to do in-service programs, especially for elementary physical education and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. "Teachers are very interested in CPR," he says. Many have had to use the Heimlich maneuver to free children's air passages after choking. Many elementary schools have no physical education specialists, Dr. Spilker says. He and Keg Wheeler, the specialist in Henderson County, have just signed a contract with Prentice-Hall to produce a book on activities for elementary students. Dr. Spilker says Henderson County has one of the strongest programs around and he has been over there often. Their book will be practical, not theoretical, he says. "People want a cookbook. 'What do I do, and how do I do it?' That's what they want to know. They're not interested in theory. Every one of these activities have been used with real children." He has also written an article on rehabilitating an ankle injury with a new device he's developed. Besides water sports, Dr. Spilker enjoys gymnastics and handball. He'd like to get into sailing and sail around the world someday, too. "I enjoy the struggle," he says. STEVE OWENS and M. DEAN MARTIN (Management and Marketing) presented a paper, "Performance Appraisal of Project Managers and Project Success," at the annual Seminar/Symposium of the Project Management Institute in Montreal. Dr. Owens, as director of the PMI Student Paper Award Program, also presented the 1986 award at the conference. In early October, he chaired the research roundtable at the Seventh Annual Regional Industrial Relations Academic Seminar held at the University of South Carolina. Participants discussed their current research activities in the area of industrial and labor relations. JAMES R. NICHOLL (head, English) helped lead the daylong followup meeting at UNC Asheville Oct. 13 of the Fifth Annual Institute of the Mountain Area Writing Project (MAWP). Keynote speaker was Dr. James Moffett of San Diego, Calif., author of numerous books and articles on the teaching of composition, reading, and literature. Dr. Nicholl is co-director and fiscal officer of MAWP, a grant-funded venture co-sponsored by WCU and UNC-A. Next year's institute, with fellowships available for 25 WNC K-12 public school teachers, will be held July 6-31 at UNC-A. FORMER STAFF MEMBER DIES Lorene "Lori" Smith Howze, 68, of Ochre Hill Community, died Saturday, Oct. 11, in C. J. Harris Hospital. Funeral services and burial were held at Ochre Hill Baptist Church, where she was a member. A native of Indiana, she was a former secretary in the Alumni and Chancellor's offices at Western. She previously worked at Hollywood Federal Savings and Loan in Hollywood, Fla. Surviving are her husband, Bill Howze; a son, Kenneth Howze of Brindisi, Italy; a daughter, Brenda Jones of Atlanta, Ga.; and a grandchild. Memorials may be made in the form of Gideon Bibles. Contributions may be sent to the Gideon Memorial Bible Representative, Gideons International, Jackson County Chapter, 3^2 W. Main St., Sylva, N.C. 28779. PULITZER WINNER TO READ POEMS FACULTY PUBLICATION Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Galway Kinnell will read from his works Monday, Oct. 27, at 8 p.m. in the Music-English Recital Hall as part of the LCE Series. In some 25 years since his first success, a 1^-part poem about New York entitled "The Avenue Bearing the Initial of Christ into the New World," Galway Kinnell has published nine volumes of poetry, one novel, and four translations. He has been anthologized with the world's greatest poets. Last year, he published The Past, a collection of poems that is his most recent since Selected Poems won the 1983 Pulitzer Prize. That same year, Selected Poems won the American Book Award. His other honors include a Guggenheim Fellowship, the Brandeis Creative Arts Award in 1969, the Shelly Memorial Award in 1973, the Award of Merit Medal for Poetry in 1975, and the Herald Morton Landon Award for translation of poetry in 1979. A graduate of Princeton and the University of Rochester, he is Samuel F.B. Morse Professor of Arts and Science at New York University, where he teaches creative writing. "There are few others writing today in whose works we feel so strongly the full human presence," said Morris Dickstein in The New York Times. "Like all good poetry, his finest poems attract and mesmerize us before we really understand them." Tickets are $5 for adults, $2 for non-WCU students and children (^-18), and $1 for WCU students. WESTERN ON THE AIR Doug Davis and Eva Adcock appeared on "Tennessee This Morning" (WATE-TV, Knoxville) Sept. 22 to talk about Mountain Heritage Day with host Bob Gray. They carried videotape of some of the events and discussed how the celebration got started and has grown over the years. This appearance was arranged by the Office of Public Information. Finn-Aage Esbensen. "Participant Observation in a County Jail," in International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 30, 2 (1986), 163-175. POSITION SEARCH REOPENED The North Carolina Center for the Advancement of Teaching (NCCAT), a year-round residential center designed to promote the professional growth of outstanding North Carolina career teachers, has reopened its search for an Associate Director for Programs. Working immediately under the Director, this individual will provide leadership in the areas of program design, implementation, and evaluation. Responsibilities also will include the design and coordination of alumni activities. Required qualifications include a doctorate, management experience in a complex organization, excellent written and oral communication skills, and demonstrated ability to plan and successfully execute programs and to work well with people in all levels of an organization. Experience in designing and conducting programs for elementary and secondary school teachers and familiarity with university structure is desirable. Located on the campus of Western Carolina University in Cullowhee, N.C., NCCAT provides career teachers with opportunities to study advanced topics in the sciences, arts, and humanities. The Center represents a prototype effort to reward, renew, and reinforce the professional commitment of excellent career teachers through intellectually challenging programming. Salary up to $55,000 commensurate with qualifications and experience. Appointment will begin as soon as possible, but no later than June 1, 1987. Send letter of application, resume including names and addresses of three references, and university credentials if available, no later than Dec. 5, 1986, to Dr. R. Bruce McPherson, Director, NCCAT, Cullowhee, N.C. 28723. Western Carolina University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. CAMPUS EVENTS Newfoundland - A planning session will be held Thursday, Oct. 30, for a three-week field course in geology and geography to be held in Newfoundland during May 1987. It's in Stillwell 239 at 3 p.m. More on the Soviets - Mario Lewis, Jr., a public affairs fellow of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University, will deliver two lectures and participate in panel discussions Wednesday, Oct. 29, at Western. He will speak on "The Strategic Significance of the Nicaraguan Revolution at 1 p.m. in Stillwell 115. Afterwards, a graduate student panel will respond to his remarks. "The Soviet Union and Third World Conflicts" is the topic of his second lecture at 3 p.m. in the Catamount Room of Hinds University Center. WCU professors Don Livingston and Cliff Lovin will respond. Dr. Lewis holds master's and doctoral degrees from Harvard and specializes in Soviet bloc relations with Latin America. Homecoming - The Homecoming Parade tomorrow will feature more bands, cheerleaders, and beauty queens than in previous years, and the pep rally tonight will end with FIREWORKS at Whitmire Stadium. The Cats Prowl pep rally and skits begin at 8 p.m. in the Ramsey Center, and the fireworks will start at 9:30. On Saturday, the parade begins at 11 a.m. in front of Hunter, continues past the judges' reviewing stand in front of the University Center, and concludes at the stadium. Theme for Homecoming is "Cats' Magic." After a chancellor's luncheon for alumni and friends in the Ramsey Center ($8 per person), the football game starts at 2 p.m. An alumni dinner and dance at the Catamount Inn and a dance in the university center conclude the day. Call Jim Manring at ext. 7335 for more information. ANNOUNCEMENTS Spring semester 1987 registration for faculty, staff, senior citizens, and students in evening and Saturday classes on campus who are currently taking a WCU course will be held at the Registrar's Office during the week of Nov. 10-14 from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m. Spring materials and permits may be obtained Oct. 27 or Oct. 28 from 8:30 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. on the second floor of the University Center or from the Registrar's Office after these dates. Faculty, staff, and senior citizens who wish to take a course spring term but are not currently enrolled must first be admitted or readmitted by the appropriate admissions office. Tuition remission for faculty, staff, and senior citizens is granted only after the approved form is filed with the Controller's Office. Registration for other students will be held Nov. 4-6 by appointment only in the Cherokee Room. Advising is by appointment Oct. 28-Nov. 3. Mail registration for evening and Saturday classes begins Oct. 28-Nov. 14. The regular spring 1987 registration procedure and drop-add process for Jan. 12-13 will be no different from that used in August. Western's theatre program was recently featured in a special picture display in Playbill magazine, published by Alpha Psi Omega, the largest theatre honorary in the world. It is one of the oldest theatre publications in the United States. Only 67 of the more than 600 colleges which have Alpha Psi Omega chapters were selected for this feature. More than 2,000 pictures were submitted. Video and audio tapes made of panels and speeches during the Week of Excellence in University Teaching are available in the Media Center. Unfortunately, the faculty panel is not available on video due to an equipment malfunction. These tapes may be checked out for 24 hours or for a weekend. If the Media Center is closed, ask at Hunter's Circulation Desk. Know anyone who might be interested in intercultural graduate study or graduate internships at the East-West Center in Honolulu? Opportunities are available in the culture and communication, environment and policy, population studies, resource systems, and Pacific Islands development. Get a return card from a poster in the stairwell between first and second floors of Stillwell or write to Award Services Officer, East-West Center, Box USP 87, 1777 East-West Rd., Honolulu, Hawaii 96848. W H Reporter October 31, 1986 A Weekly Newsletter for the Faculty and Staff of Western Carolina University / Cullowhee, North Carolina PROFESSORS WRESTLE WITH ISSUES OF RESEARCH AND CREATIVE ACTIVITY "Western Carolina University: A Community of Scholarship." That was the headline on a display on faculty authorship Western put up in the UNC General Administration offices in Chapel Hill recently, and some viewers were surprised to see a row of books produced by this university. Chancellor Myron Coulter heard many comments about the display when he was there for UNC President C.D. Spangler's inauguration, he told 36 faculty members last week. One viewer had said, "That's what universities should be about in this system." But is it what Western should be about? We have always considered ourselves a service institution. Although research has been valued, there has never been a consensus on campus about just how important it ought to be. Should it be a concern for every faculty member? How does it fit into demands of good teaching and service? To work toward developing consensus, one out of ten WCU faculty members spent fall break at an intensive symposium on scholarly productivity. Together they tackled such questions as the definition of scholarship and creative activity at Western, the constraints on and benefits of research, and steps Western could take to encourage and reward scholarship and creativity. In giving the group its "charge," Dr. Coulter said, "We are always in the business of asking ourselves who we are and what we are about." He asked those who gathered last week—from every school and almost every department on campus—to consider what kind of scholarship should be encouraged and produced at WCU. "The word 'professor' should mean something special," he said. "It means that person has attained a level of productivity and status." But there is no one answer to the question of what part research should play in that productivity, he said, asking the faculty members to "explore fully and be a crystallizing group." Judith Stillion, interim vice-chancellor for academic affairs, pointed out that the group was chosen as representing a broad spectrum of opinions on research and creative activity. "We didn't want people who all thought the same way," she said. She encouraged participants to share as openly as possible their feelings on the subject. Monday's dissection of issues and airing of frustrations began with a panel of faculty: Jane Hall (Home Economics), Don Mayer (Business Law), Paul Haberland (Modern Foreign Languages), Roger Lumb (Biology), and Bruce Henderson (Psychology). Dr. Hall pointed out some forces that encourage scholarship—the Graduate School, the practical effect on tenure and promotion (TPR became a much-bandied set of letters over the two days), interest from the department head, and pride in accomplishing and satisfying one's curiosity. Among the restraining forces she identified the problem of time and setting priorities, getting rusty with some research methods such as statistics, and the risk involved. Professor Mayer spoke as a relatively new faculty member, one who is interested in research and publications but who teaches 160 students a semester, one who is preparing most of his courses for the first time and in subjects without good current texts. He said that the process of specialization that makes him a scholar in international environmental law does not really help him in the classroom as much as staying current with issues of interest to his students. Only summer break offers enough time to do what he needs to do, he said. Dr. Haberland said he feels those with Ph.D.'s have certain obligations: to those who have educated them, who expect them to keep adding to the body of knowledge in their fields; to their fields, which would stagnate without new scholarly efforts; to the university; to students, who need to sense the excitement of the intellectual arena; and to themselves, who need to nourish their own intellectual life and keep in touch with the greater professional world—especially because we are so isolated. He remarked that reducing the teaching load doesn't necessarily raise scholarly productivity, but that some form of competitive release time would help. Without research and scholarship, Dr. Lumb said, he would have little to offer his students. Dr. Henderson, too, said that better teaching should be the first outcome of scholarship. He thought "scholarly productivity" was a contradiction. "Scholarship is not a product. It's a luxury. Scholars consume more knowledge than they produce, and the products reflect only dimly the work," Dr. Henderson said. If we truly took it seriously, he said, we would do more research and publish it less; we would do more reading, thinking, and talking to each other and less word processing. Themes from these speakers rose again and again as the symposium tackled, in small cross-disciplinary groups, questions of the constraints and rewards of research. Among the constraints: a need for mentors, lack of sabbatical-like opportunities or financial support for summer research, lack of funds to attract graduate students, differences in expectations for research across the university, and the lack of a clear definition of scholarship. Among the benefits were, for the individual, the maintenance of intellectual curiosity; for the department and school, reputation and visibility to attract better students, faculty, and funding; and for the university, an overall increase in quality and expectations of students and faculty. Looking at scholarship across disciplines, another group identified it as a creative and expressive enterprise subject to peer review and acceptance. Scholarship may reinterpret and extend existing knowledge, or it may be on the cutting edge of new findings. It requires dedicated time. Problems with evaluating scholarship include an emphasis on quantity rather than quality or process. To get around this, the work group for evaluation suggested peer evaluation, submitting several ideas each year to be evaluated, and a bonus system whereby specific scholarly products receive specific rewards such as journal subscriptions, money, or release time. A sixth group discussed the interaction of teaching and service with scholarship. Defining professional development as one form of scholarship, they distinguished between research done from a creative desire and publishing for the sake of publishing. By the end of the day, people agreed that scholarly productivity should be defined as research and creative activity and that scholarship underlies everything a faculty member does—including teaching and service. On Tuesday, six task groups by disciplines worked to recommend appropriate levels of scholarship and things the university might do to help. Certain concerns ran across the board—the need for well-defined standards, the hope of summer stipends, the possibility of an ongoing council (not a task force) to encourage research efforts and help solve problems. Money for graduate assistants would help a great deal. Those who can be mentors for research or grants-manship should get credit for that service. Among the specific recommendations were differential teaching loads depending on the level of interest in research, "semester banking" to get research time, and secretarial support for research. Several groups recommended that each faculty member set goals or a personal agenda in the form of a three- to five-year plan; this would be the basis of evaluating that professor's productivity, and the university would be expected to support his or her efforts to meet the goals, whether for research, improved teaching, or service. The Graduate School and the Office of Academic Affairs are communicating the results of the symposium to the Chancellor,
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