Impact of low-level wind maxima below hub height on windturbine sound propagation

An analysis of the effect of low‐level wind maxima (LLWM) below hub height on sound propagating from wind turbines has been performed at a site in northern Sweden. The stably stratified boundary layer, which is typical for cold climates, commonly features LLWM. The simplified concept for the effects...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wind Energy
Main Authors: Conrady, Kristina, Bolin, Karl, Sjöblom, Anna, Rutgersson, Anna
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära 2020
Subjects:
atmospheric acoustics
low- level wind maxima
wind energy
wind turbine sound
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences
Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning
Northern Sweden
Online Access:http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-423776
https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2517
Description
Summary:An analysis of the effect of low‐level wind maxima (LLWM) below hub height on sound propagating from wind turbines has been performed at a site in northern Sweden. The stably stratified boundary layer, which is typical for cold climates, commonly features LLWM. The simplified concept for the effects of refraction, based on the logarithmic wind profile or other approaches where the wind speed is continuously increasing with height, is often not applicable there. Long‐term meteorological measurements in the vicinity of a wind farm were therefore used to identify LLWM. Sound measurements were conducted simultaneously to the meteorological measurements. LLWM below hub height decrease the sound level close to the surface downwind of the wind farm. This effect increases with increasing strength of the LLWM. The occurrence of LLWM as well as strength and height of the LLWM are dependent on the wind direction.

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