Spatial and temporal distribution of cold-water corals in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean over the last 150 thousand years
Scleractinian cold-water corals are found across the Northeast Atlantic, providing structure for important habitats that support high biodiversity. Climate-driven perturbations on parameters such as carbonate chemistry, oxygen, bottom currents, productivity and temperature have the potential to impa...
| Published in: | Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://research-portal.st-andrews.ac.uk/en/researchoutput/spatial-and-temporal-distribution-of-coldwater-corals-in-the-northeast-atlantic-ocean-over-the-last-150-thousand-years(a735c6f8-35cb-4ff0-882c-df20225aee40).html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2022.103892 https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/10023/26545/1/Ferreira_2022_DSRPIORP_Spatial_CC.pdf |
| Summary: | Scleractinian cold-water corals are found across the Northeast Atlantic, providing structure for important habitats that support high biodiversity. Climate-driven perturbations on parameters such as carbonate chemistry, oxygen, bottom currents, productivity and temperature have the potential to impact the abundance and diversity of these cold-water coral communities. One way to explore the linkage between corals and climate is to examine historic coral distributions during times of past climate change. Previous coral dating efforts in the Northeast Atlantic (n ∼ 700) have focused on reef-forming colonial coral communities from shelf and slope areas. However, there are far fewer data from open-ocean settings or from solitary coral species, thus precluding assessment of basin-wide controls on coral occurrence. Here, we contribute >600 new U-series ages for both solitary and colonial coral species from open-ocean sites including the Reykjanes Ridge and seamounts in the mid and low latitudes to map the changing distribution of Northeast Atlantic cold-water corals over the last 150,000 years. The temporal occurrences of solitary and colonial corals from our offshore sites are broadly similar to the distributions along the nearer-shore sites at the same latitudes. In the cold-temperate and high-latitude Northeast Atlantic, corals are most abundant during warm climate intervals, with the Reykjanes Ridge (60°N) representing the northernmost limit of corals in the Northeast Atlantic during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, MIS 3 and Bølling-Allerød. This biogeographical distribution expanded northwards to the Norwegian margin at the onset of the Holocene when the ice sheets retreated and modern-like oceanographic conditions were established. We interpret the abundance of corals at these northerly sites to be linked with increased food supply and favourable hydrological conditions. By contrast, coral sites south of 45°N are characterised by glacial and deglacial occurrences, with a marked decline during the Holocene. This ... |
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