| Summary: | Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2021 Following observations of shifting ocean conditions an enormous scientific effort has explored the response of marine species to ocean acidification and warming. Empirical data has established that many species are vulnerable to ocean conditions projected for this century, particularly calcifying invertebrates, affecting a range of physiological processes over the lifetime of an organism. However, these studies also indicate that biological responses are quite variable, related to an organism’s genetic and environmental ancestries. Some species are more tolerant to the effects of acidification than others, as are some populations within species. There is also evidence that transgenerational carryover effects may alleviate some negative effects by buffering future generations against challenging conditions. The future of marine ecosystems and food systems hinges in part upon our ability to identify, conserve, and invest in individuals that can tolerate shifting ocean conditions, and to understand the role of transgenerational carryover effects in shaping future populations. The aim of this dissertation work is to examine the physiological and molecular responses of two invertebrate species native to the North American Pacific Coast, the Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) and Pacific geoduck (Panopea generosa), to ocean acidification and warming. Both species inhabit dynamic, heterogeneous estuarine environments that are influenced by coastal upwelling, and through adaptation and/or carryover effects may be relatively tolerant of ocean change. By testing multiple species, populations, life stages, and generations I provide evidence that these Pacific Coast natives are uniquely equipped for the effects of ocean acidification, and that warming will be a more impactful, but not necessarily negative, driver of physiological changes. Chapter 1 characterizes the proteomes of Pacific geoduck in varying natural environments and habitat-specific pH conditions. Juvenile geoduck ...
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