Determination of brominated flame retardants, with emphasis on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in environmental and human samples - a review

Analytical methods for the determination of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), with a special emphasis on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are reviewed. A number of procedures, which can be applied to the analysis of PBDEs and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and in some cases for hexabromocy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environment International
Main Authors: Covaci, A., Voorspoels, S., de Boer, J.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2003
Subjects:
biological samples
blue mussels
human adipose-tissue
multidimensional gas-chromatography
organochlorine compounds
persistent organic pollutants
polychlorinated-biphenyls
resolution mass-spectrometry
salmon salmo-salar
sewage-sludge
Salmo salar
Online Access:https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/determination-of-brominated-flame-retardants-with-emphasis-on-pol
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00114-4
Description
Summary:Analytical methods for the determination of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), with a special emphasis on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are reviewed. A number of procedures, which can be applied to the analysis of PBDEs and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and in some cases for hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), in environmental and human samples are described. Because several BFRs, such as tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A), BDE 209 and, to some extent, HBCD, may require a different approach, specific advice on their analysis is given separately when needed. Sample pretreatment, extraction, cleanup and fractionation, injection techniques, chromatographic separation, detection methods, quality control and method validation are discussed. For each topic, an overview is given of the current status of the field and recommendations for an appropriate analytical approach are presented.

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