| Summary: | The variation of flame length in lime kilns was numerically investigated using the standard κ−ε model. The results are consistent with experimental measurements, showing that the Craya-Curtet number (Ct) and excess air are the dominant parameters affecting the flame length. The results also show that increasing Ct increases the flame length, while increasing excess air decreases it. The flame length can be controlled using Ct and excess air, which in turn, can be adjusted by primary air and ID fan speed. This work was conducted as part of the research program on “Increasing Energy and Chemical Recovery Efficiency in the Kraft Process", jointly supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and a consortium of the following companies: Alstom Power, Andritz, Aracruz Celulose, Babcock & Wilcox, Boise Paper Solutions, Bowater Canadian Forest Products, Carter Holt Harvey, Celulose Nipo Brasileira, Clyde-Bergemann, Diamond Power International, Domtar, DMI Peace River Pulp, Georgia Pacific, International Paper, Irving Pulp & Paper, Metso Power, MeadWestvaco, Stora Enso Research, Tembec, and Votorantim Celulose e Papel.
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