Epigenetic modifiers as tools for the study of secondary metabolites produced by fungi from Malaysia and polar regions / Siti Hajar Sadiran
Fungi produce a wide range of secondary metabolites that have various biological activities. Secondary metabolites production of fungi can be modified by different approaches, including culture-dependent methods, epigenetic modifiers, and genomic-based methods. In this study, secondary metabolite pr...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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2021
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| Online Access: | https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/60818/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/60818/1/60818.pdf |
| Summary: | Fungi produce a wide range of secondary metabolites that have various biological activities. Secondary metabolites production of fungi can be modified by different approaches, including culture-dependent methods, epigenetic modifiers, and genomic-based methods. In this study, secondary metabolite production was explored in the presence of epigenetic modifiers (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, S-adenosylhomocysteine, valproic acid, sodium butyrate, and 5-azacytidine) by applying an in-house protocol named MECSUS (Microtiter plate, Elicitors, Combination, Solid-phase extraction, UHPLC, Statistical analysis). The MECSUS protocol was modified, strengthen, and the procedure for culturing sporulating and non-sporulating fungi at a micro-scale level was successfully developed. This study included Malaysian (5) and polar fungi, which are Arctic (40) and Antarctic (10) fungi. A total of forty-one Arctic fungi were isolated from soil samples collected in Longyearbyen, Svalbard Island, Norway. Five fungi, namely Geomyces sp. D1D1, Pleosporales sp. B2C2, Talaromyces aculeatus B1-3, Penicillium samsonianum D2CD2-2, and Aspergillus nomius D1D1 were identified using microscopical, morphological, and molecular techniques. The different combinations and concentrations of epigenetic modifiers were added to the media of the fungi. All crude extracts were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Preliminary screening of the antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts using the MTT assay was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Esterichia coli, and Candida albicans. Six crude extracts (SHSF, A1C3, B2C2, B1-3, D1D1, and D2CD2-2) were exhibited antibacterial activity, however, three of them (A1C3, B1-3, and D1D1) did not demonstrate antifungal activities. Based on the antimicrobial activity and HPLC data analysis, three fungi were selected for further investigation which are one extract from Malaysian fungi (Aspergillus longivesica SHSF), and two extracts from ... |
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