Psychroflexus torquis gen. nov., sp. nov., a psychrophilic species from Antarctic sea ice, and reclassification of Flavobacterium gondwanense (Dobson et al. 1993) as Psychroflexus gondwanense gen. nov., comb. nov

A group of sea-ice-derived psychrophilic bacterial strains possessing the unusual ability to synthesize the polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (20:53) and arachidonic acid (20:46) belong to the Family Flavobacteriaceae (Flexibacter-Bacteroides-Flavobacterium phylum), according to 16S...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microbiology
Main Authors: Bowman, JP, McCammon, SA, Lewis, TE, Skerratt, J, Brown, JL, Nichols, DS, McMeekin, TA
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Society for General Microbiology 1998
Subjects:
Biological Sciences
Microbiology
Bacteriology
Antarctic
Antarc*
Sea ice
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-144-6-1601
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9639931
http://ecite.utas.edu.au/13304
Description
Summary:A group of sea-ice-derived psychrophilic bacterial strains possessing the unusual ability to synthesize the polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (20:53) and arachidonic acid (20:46) belong to the Family Flavobacteriaceae (Flexibacter-Bacteroides-Flavobacterium phylum), according to 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Surprisingly, the isolates were also found to cluster closely to the moderately halophilic and psychrotrophic species [Flavobacterium] gondwanense (sequence similarity 97.8-98.1%). The whole-cell fatty acid profiles of this group and [Flavobacterium] gondwanense were very similar and distinct from other related flavobacteria. The sea ice strains and [Flavobacterium] gondwanense differed substantially in terms of ecophysiology, possibly representing divergent adaptations to sympagic and planktonic marine habitats, respectively. Evidence based on phylogeny and fatty acid profiles supports the conclusion that the taxa are close relatives distinct from other bacterial groups. It is thus proposed that the sea ice strains represent a novel taxon designated Psychroflexus torquis gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain ACAM 623(T) while [Flavobacterium] gondwanense becomes Psychroflexus gondwanense gen. nov., comb. nov.

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