Safe limits of selenomethionine and selenite supplementation to plant-based Atlantic salmon feeds

The use of plant-based feeds warrants the supplementation with selenium (Se) to cover the requirement for Atlantic salmon. Depending on its chemical form, Se is a trace element with a narrow range between requirement and toxicity for most vertebrates. Information on safe upper limit for Atlantic sal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture
Main Authors: Berntssen, Marc H G, Betancor, Monica, Caballero, Maria Jose, Hillestad, Marie, Rasinger, Josef, Hamre, Kristin, Sele, Veronika, Amlund, Heidi, Ørnsrud, Robin
Other Authors: Cargill Aqua Nutrition AS, Marine Harvest ASA, Biomar AS, Skretting AS, Fiskeri - og havbruksnæringens forskningsfond, Norwegian Institute of Marine Research, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, BioMar AS, orcid:0000-0003-1626-7458
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Elsevier BV 2018
Subjects:
Atlantic salmon
Selenite
Selenomethionine
Toxicity
Bench mark dose
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27522
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.06.041
http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/27522/1/1-s2.0-S0044848618309244-main.pdf
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Summary:The use of plant-based feeds warrants the supplementation with selenium (Se) to cover the requirement for Atlantic salmon. Depending on its chemical form, Se is a trace element with a narrow range between requirement and toxicity for most vertebrates. Information on safe upper limit for Atlantic salmon feed supplementation is lacking. Atlantic salmon (147 g) were fed a low natural background organic Se diet (0.45 mg Se kg−1, wet weight (ww)) fortified with 5 graded levels of inorganic sodium selenite (0.45, 5.4, 11.0, 29.4, or 60.0 mg kg−1 ww) or organic selenomethionine (SeMet) (0.45, 6.2, 16.2, 21, or 39 mg kg−1 ww), in triplicate for 3 months. Excess Se supplementation was assessed by targeted biomarkers of Se toxicity pathways (e.g. markers of oxidative stress and lipid metabolism), as well as general adverse effect parameters (plasma biochemistry, hematology, liver histopathology, and growth). Safe limits were set by model-fitting the effect data in a dose-response (lower bound) bench mark dose (BMDL) evaluation. Fish fed the two highest selenite levels showed mortality while fish fed SeMet had no mortality. Fish fed 5.4–11 mg selenite kg−1 feed showed significantly (ANOVA, Tukey's t-test, p

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