Biological threats and environmental pollutants, a lethal mixture for mediterranean cetaceans?

• Published in: Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
• Main Authors: Lauriano, Giancarlo, Di Guardo, Giovanni, MARSILI, LETIZIA, MALTESE, SILVIA, FOSSI, MARIA CRISTINA
• Other Authors: Marsili, Letizia, Maltese, Silvia, Fossi, MARIA CRISTINA
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 2014
• Subjects: cetacean; disease; environmental toxicology; Mediterranean Sea; Morbilliviru; organochlorine; pollution monitoring; Toxoplasma gondii; Aquatic Science; Balaenoptera physalus; Physeter macrocephalus
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/11365/991272; https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315413000714; http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=MBI

The possible existence of any cause-effect relationships between the concentrations of organochlorines (OCs) and the presence of Morbillivirus and Toxoplasma gondii infections was investigated in both free-living and stranded specimens of Stenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus, Globicephala melas, Balaenoptera physalus and Physeter macrocephalus from the Mediterranean Sea. High blubber concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were recorded in free-ranging G. melas. Tissue concentrations of PCBs and DDT in stranded T. truncatus (367 lipid weight (l.w.) and 143.7 mg/kg l.w., respectively) and S. coeruleoalba (139.9 l.w.; 92.9 mg/kg l.w.) were beyond the PCB threshold value for the appearance of adverse effects in marine mammals. Evidence of T. gondii infection was molecularly detected in three S. coeruleoalba and six T. truncatus.