Humic LIke Substances in the low and middle troposphere European : characterization and past evolution

• Main Author: Guilhermet, Julien
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Grenoble, Michel Legrand, Didier Voisin
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2012
• Subjects: HULIS; Organic aerosol; Ice core; Atmosphere; Aérosol organique; Carotte de glace; Atmosphère; [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences; ice core
• Online Access: https://theses.hal.science/tel-00843021; https://theses.hal.science/tel-00843021/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-00843021/file/30370_GUILHERMET_2012_archivage.pdf

Atmospheric aerosols play an important role on the radiative properties of the atmosphere. They are also key factors for air quality and public health in polluted areas. As a result of the strong decrease of SO2 emissions over the last three decades, organic aerosol now represents a more important part of atmospheric aerosol. The nature of this organic fraction is complex and until now less than a half of it has been chemically identified. Water Soluble HUmic LIke Substances (HULISWS) are an important contributor to water soluble organic aerosol with a mass fraction ranging from 20 to 50%. The aim of this work is to design a method to measure HULISWS in ice cores. The application of this method to an ice core extracted at the col du Dôme (4250 m, Mont-Blanc massif, France) enables to investigate changes in HULISWS over Europe since 1920. The study of their concentrations and specific absorbance in ice core samples reveals well-marked differences in the sources of HULISWS depending on the season. In winter, HULISWS are primarily emitted by wood burning, their specific absorbance is high and their concentrations are low and remained stable over the 20th century. In summer, HULISWS are producted from biogenic precursors by secondary processes, their specific absorbance is lower and their concentrations higher than in winter. Summer concentrations of HULISWS were stable between 1920 and 1950, and have increased from 1951 to 1970. This recent trend probably results from an increase of volatile organic compounds emissions by the biosphere. Les aérosols atmosphériques jouent un rôle important à la surface de la Terre. Ils influencent les propriétés radiatives de l'atmosphère et représentent des composés importants pour les questions de qualité de l'air et de santé publique dans les régions polluées. Suite à la forte diminution de la pollution soufrée survenue au cours des trois dernières décennies, l'aérosol organique représente maintenant une part importante de l'aérosol atmosphérique. Cette fraction a une nature ...