Genetic patchiness in European eel adults evidenced by molecular genetics and population dynamics modelling

• Published in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
• Main Authors: Pujolar, JM, Bevacqua, D, Andrello, M, De Leo, GA, Zane, L., CAPOCCIONI, FABRIZIO, CICCOTTI, ELEONORA
• Other Authors: Pujolar, J, Capoccioni, F, Ciccotti, E, De Leo, G, Zane, L
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA 2010
• Subjects: Adult eel; Anguilla anguilla; European eel; Genetic patchine; Population dynamics modelling; WOS KeyWords Plus: LINKED MICROSATELLITE LOCI; ANGUILLA-ANGUILLA; SARGASSO SEA; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; CAMARGUE LAGOONS; FRESH-WATER; GLASS EELS; MIGRATION; ATLANTIC; RECEPIMENTO; Scopus Indexed keywords EMTREE drug terms: microsatellite DNA EMTREE medical terms: animal article; biological model; eel genetic variability; genetics; physiology; population dynamics; population genetics; reproduction MeSH: Anguilla; Animals; Genetic Variation; Genetics Population; Microsatellite; Repeats; Models; Genetic; Reproduction Species Index: Anguilla anguilla; Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2108/19396; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2010.11.019

Disentangling the demographic processes that determine the genetic structure of a given species is a fundamental question in conservation and management. In the present study, the population structure of the European eel was examined with a multidisciplinary approach combining the fields of molecular genetics and population dynamics modelling. First, we analyzed a total of 346 adult specimens of known age collected in three separate sample sites using a large panel of 22 EST-linked microsatellite loci. Second, we developed a European eel-specific model to unravel the demographic mechanisms that can produce the level of genetic differentiation estimated by molecular markers. This is the first study that reveals a pattern of genetic patchiness in maturing adults of the European eel. A highly significant genetic differentiation was observed among samples that did not follow an Isolation-by-Distance or Isolation-by-Time pattern. The observation of genetic patchiness in adults is likely to result from a limited parental contribution to each spawning event as suggested by our modelling approach. The value of genetic differentiation found is predicted by the model when reproduction occurs in a limited number of spawning events isolated from each other in time or space, with an average of 130–375 breeders in each spawning event. Unpredictability in spawning success may have important consequences for the life-history evolution of the European eel, including a bet-hedging strategy (distributing reproductive efforts over time) which could in turn guarantee successful reproduction of some adults.