Density, body size and sex ratio of an indigenous spider along an altitudinal gradient in the sub-Antarctic

Although spiders are a diverse and ecologically important group of predators across the sub-Antarctic islands, relatively little is known about their biology. Here we provide data on the abundance, body size variation and sex ratio of an indigenous spider, Myro kerguelenensis, across an altitudinal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antarctic Science
Main Authors: Lee, Jennifer E., Somers, Michael J., Chown, Steven Loudon
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2012
Subjects:
Araneae
Bergman body size cline
Myro kerguelenensis
Resource limitation
Spiders > Size > Prince Edward Islands > Marion Island
Animal population density > Prince Edward Islands > Marion Island
Spiders > Sex ratio > Prince Edward Islands > Marion Island
Spiders > Effect of altitude on > Prince Edward Islands > Marion Island
Antarctic
Myro
Antarc*
Antarctic Science
Marion Island
Prince Edward Islands
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/2263/18442
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102011000629
Description
Summary:Although spiders are a diverse and ecologically important group of predators across the sub-Antarctic islands, relatively little is known about their biology. Here we provide data on the abundance, body size variation and sex ratio of an indigenous spider, Myro kerguelenensis, across an altitudinal gradient on Marion Island. In so doing we test explicitly the hypotheses that density will decline with declining resource availability at higher elevations, and that a converse Bergmann body size cline will be found in this species. Density of M. kerguelenensis decreased with altitude and ranged from a mean density of 5.3 (SD 3.42) individuals per m2 at 50m a.s.l. to a mean density of 0.83 (SD 1.15) individuals per m2 at 600m a.s.l. Mean female sternum width was 1.39mm (SD 0.44) and mean male sternum width was 1.40mm (SD 0.22). No evidence for Bergmann or converse Bergmann clines was found. At increasing altitudes, sex ratios became increasingly female-biased with populations at 600m a.s.l. comprising 0.87 (SD 0.28) females, on a proportional basis, possibly as a result of resource limitation and an increase in the prevalence of sexual cannibalism. The food web implications of this study are highlighted. Fieldwork by KQ and MJS was supported by a USAID grant to SLC and by the South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=ans nf2012

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