Sea-ice decline could keep zooplankton deeper for longer

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>As Arctic sea ice deteriorates, more light enters the ocean, causing largely unknown effects on the ecosystem. Using an autonomous biophysical observatory, we recorded zooplankton vertical distribution under Arctic sea ice from dusk to dawn...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature Climate Change
Main Authors: Flores, Hauke, Veyssière, Gaëlle, Castellani, G, Wilkinson, J, Hoppmann, Mario, Karcher, Michael, Valcic, L::0000-0001-8615-9589, Cornils, Astrid, Geoffroy, Maxime, Valle, Ana Cristina, Niehoff, Barbara, Priou, Pierre, Schmidt, Katrin, Stroeve, Julienne
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2023
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Online Access:https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk/handle/10026.1/21754
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01779-1
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Summary:<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>As Arctic sea ice deteriorates, more light enters the ocean, causing largely unknown effects on the ecosystem. Using an autonomous biophysical observatory, we recorded zooplankton vertical distribution under Arctic sea ice from dusk to dawn of the polar night. Here we show that zooplankton ascend into the under-ice habitat during autumn twilight, following an isolume of 2.4 × 10<jats:sup>−4</jats:sup> W m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>. We applied this trigger isolume to CMIP6 model outputs accounting for incoming radiation after sunset and before sunrise of the polar night. The models project that, in about three decades, the total time spent by zooplankton in the under-ice habitat could be reduced by up to one month, depending on geographic region. This will impact zooplankton winter survival, the Arctic foodweb, and carbon and nutrient fluxes. These findings highlight the importance of biological processes during the twilight periods for predicting change in high-latitude ecosystems.</jats:p>