Toxicology and metabolism of nickel compounds. Progress report, December 1, 1974--November 30, 1975. [97433ONE]

• Main Author: Sunderman, F. W. Jr.
• Format: Report
• Language: English
• Published: Connecticut Univ., Farmington (USA). School of Medicine 1975
• Subjects: Penicillamine; Body; Elements; Amines; Mammals; Organic Compounds; 550900 > Pathology; Body Fluids; Transition Elements; Amides; Blood Cells; Blood; Pathology; Pathogenesis; Heterocyclic Acids; Rats; Abundance; Biological Materials; Lipotropic Factors; Carcinogenesis; Chelating Agents; Animals; Manganese; Excretion; Organic Acids; Clearance; Teta; Toxicity; Carboxylic Acid Salts; Carboxylic Acids; Biological Effects; Vertebrates 550500* > Metabolism; Drugs; Amino Acids; Nickel Compounds; Erythrocytes; Thiols; 59 Basic Biological Sciences; Radioprotective Substances; Metals; Hyperglycemia; Thioctic Acid; Organs; Response Modifying Factors; Transition Element Compounds; Carbonic Acid Derivatives; Disulfides; Hamsters; Organic Nitrogen Compounds; Organic Sulfur Compounds; Heterocyclic Compounds; Kidneys; Rodents; Carbamates; Metabolism; Carbonic acid
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.2172/7299576; https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1443275/

The toxicology and metabolism of nickel compounds (NiCl/sub 2/, Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/, NiS, and Ni powder) were investigated in rats and hamsters. The new knowledge has included: demonstration that hyperglucagonemia is primarily responsible for the acute hyperglycemic effect of parenteral Ni(II) in rats; demonstration that parenteral injection of Ni(II) in rats produces acute nephropathy with proteinuria and amino aciduria, and with ultrastructural lesions of renal glomeruli and tubules; confirmation of the inhibitory effect of manganese upon the carcinogenicity of Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/ after intramuscular injection in rats, and elucidation of the effects of manganese upon the rates of excretion of nickel, and upon the acute histological reactions produced by Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/; discovery that the antidotal efficacy of triethylenetetramine (TETA) in acute Ni(II) poisoning in rats is substantially greater than that of other chelating agents, including .cap alpha.-lipoic acid, diethyldithiocarbamate, d-penicillamine, and glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methylamide; observation that the acute renal toxicity of Ni(II) is suppressed by administration of TETA, but that the hyperglycemic and hyperglucagonemic responses to Ni(II) are not prevented by TETA; confirmation that marked erythrocytosis is induced in rats by a single intrarenal injection of Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/, and elucidation of the time-response and dose-response relationships for the Ni-induced erythrocytosis. (auth)