Overview paper: New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

• Published in: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• Main Authors: Abbatt, Jonathan, Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Allan, Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Gali, Marti, Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah, Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria, Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy S., Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric
• Other Authors: Department of Chemistry University of Toronto, University of Toronto, Environment and Climate Change Canada, School of Engineering Guelph, University of Guelph, Department of Chemistry Vancouver (UBC Chemistry), University of British Columbia (UBC), Département des sciences de la terre et de l'atmosphère Montréal (SCTA), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Institute for Atmospheric Physics Mainz (IPA), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics Vienna, University of Vienna Vienna, Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Halifax, Dalhousie University Halifax, Department of Chemistry Lewisburg, Bucknell University, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (CHEM ENG), Department of Geography and Environmental Management Waterloo, University of Waterloo Waterloo, Department of Biology Québec, Université Laval Québec (ULaval), Departement de Biologie Québec, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Victoria (SEOS), University of Victoria Canada (UVIC), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Centre d'Applications et de Recherches en TELédétection Sherbrooke (CARTEL), Département de géomatique appliquée Sherbrooke (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Department of Atmospheric Science Fort Collins, Colorado State University Fort Collins (CSU), Particle Chemistry Department Mainz, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Air Quality Processes Research Section, Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma), Institute of Ocean Sciences Sidney (IOS), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Department of Mathematics Isfahan, University of Isfahan, Department of Physics and Astronomy Calgary, University of Calgary, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2019
• Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]; [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology; Arctic; Nunavut; Arctic Archipelago; Tundra
• Online Access: https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-02052254; https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-02052254/document; https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-02052254/file/acp-19-2527-2019.pdf; https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2527-2019

International audience Motivated by the need to predict how the Arc-tic atmosphere will change in a warming world, this article summarizes recent advances made by the research consortium NETCARE (Network on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments) that contribute to our fundamental understanding of Arctic aerosol particles as they relate to climate forcing. The overall goal of NETCARE research has been to use an in-terdisciplinary approach encompassing extensive field observations and a range of chemical transport, earth system, and biogeochemical models. Several major findings and advances have emerged from NETCARE since its formation in 2013. (1) Unexpectedly high summertime dimethyl sulfide (DMS) levels were identified in ocean water (up to 75 nM) and the overlying atmosphere (up to 1 ppbv) in the Cana-dian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). Furthermore, melt ponds, which are widely prevalent, were identified as an important DMS source (with DMS concentrations of up to 6 nM and a potential contribution to atmospheric DMS of 20 % in the study area). (2) Evidence of widespread particle nucleation and growth in the marine boundary layer was found in the CAA in the summertime, with these events observed on 41 % of days in a 2016 cruise. As well, at Alert, Nunavut, particles that are newly formed and grown under conditions of minimal anthropogenic influence during the months of July and August are estimated to contribute 20 % to 80 % of the 30-50 nm particle number density. DMS-oxidation-driven nucle-ation is facilitated by the presence of atmospheric ammonia arising from seabird-colony emissions, and potentially also from coastal regions, tundra, and biomass burning. Via accumulation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a significant fraction of the new particles grow to sizes that are active in cloud droplet formation. Although the gaseous precursors to Arctic marine SOA remain poorly defined, the measured levels of common continental SOA precursors (isoprene and monoterpenes) ...