Bacterial diversity of autotrophic enriched cultures from remote, glacial Antarctic, Alpine and Andean aerosol, snow and soil samples

• Published in: Biogeosciences
• Main Authors: Gonzalez-Toril, E., Amils, R., Delmas, Robert, Petit, Jean-Robert, Komarek, J., Elster, J.
• Other Authors: Centro de Astrobiologia Madrid (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid (CSIC), Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa Madrid (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid (CSIC), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Prague (CAS), grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Educaci'on y Ciencia (grant CGL2006/02534/BOS), the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (Kontakt - ME 934, ME 945 and project GA CR 206/05/0253) and the French-Czech cooperative research programme Barrande No. 99054.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2009
• Subjects: [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology; [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes; Antarctic; The Antarctic; King George Island; Uruguay; Dumont d'Urville; Dumont-d'Urville; Artigas; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00420852; https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00420852/document; https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00420852/file/bg-6-33-2009.pdf; https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-33-2009

International audience Four different communities and one culture of autotrophic microbial assemblages were obtained by incubation of samples collected from high elevation snow in the Alps (Mt. Blanc area) and the Andes (Nevado Illimani summit, Bolivia), from Antarctic aerosol (French station Dumont d'Urville) and a maritime Antarctic soil (King George Island, South Shetlands, Uruguay Station Artigas), in a minimal mineral (oligotrophic) media. Molecular analysis of more than 200 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that all cultured cells belong to the Bacteria domain. Phylogenetic comparison with the currently available rDNA database allowed sequences belonging to Proteobacteria (Alpha-, Betaand Gamma-proteobacteria) , Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla to be identified. The Andes snow culture was the richest in bacterial diversity (eight microorganisms identified) and the marine Antarctic soil the poorest (only one). Snow samples from Col du Midi (Alps) and the Andes shared the highest number of identified microorganisms (Agrobacterium, Limnobacter, Aquiflexus and two uncultured Alphaproteobacteria clones). These two sampling sites also shared four sequences with the Antarctic aerosol sample (Limnobacter, Pseudonocardia and an uncultured Alphaproteobacteria clone). The only microorganism identified in the Antarctica soil (Brevundimonas sp.) was also detected in the Antarctic aerosol. Most of the identified microorganisms had been detected previously in cold environments, marine sediments soils and rocks. Air current dispersal is the best model to explain the presence of very specific microorganisms, like those identified in this work, in environments very distant and very different from each other.