Individual, ecological, and anthropogenic influences on activity budgets of long-finned pilot whales

Time allocation to different activities and habitats enables individuals to modulate their perceived risks and access to resources and can reveal important trade?offs between fitness?enhancing activities (e.g., feeding vs. social behavior). Species with long reproductive cycles and high parental inv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecosphere
Main Authors: Isojunno, Saana, Sadykova, Dina, de Ruiter, Stacy, Cure, Charlotte, Visser, Fleur, Thomas, Len, Miller, Patrick James O'malley, Harris, Catriona M.
Other Authors: University of St Andrews Scotland, School of Biological Sciences Aberdeen, University of Aberdeen, Calvin College Burton, Unité Mixte de Recherche en Acoustique Environnementale (UMRAE ), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Leiden University
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: HAL CCSD 2017
Subjects:
ACLI
NAVAL SONAR
ANTHROPOGENIC NOISE
DTAG
GLOBICEPHALA MELAS
ACTIVITY SYNCHRONY
BENTHIC HABITAT
DEEP-DIVING MAMMAL
ETHOGRAM
HIDDEN MARKOV MODEL
CEREMA
IMPACT
INTERNATIONAL
SONAR
NAVIGATION
FAUNE
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Killer Whale
Killer whale
Online Access:https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02915533
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2044
Description
Summary:Time allocation to different activities and habitats enables individuals to modulate their perceived risks and access to resources and can reveal important trade?offs between fitness?enhancing activities (e.g., feeding vs. social behavior). Species with long reproductive cycles and high parental investment, such as marine mammals, rely on such behavioral plasticity to cope with rapid environmental change, including anthropogenic stressors. We quantified activity budgets of free?ranging long?finned pilot whales in order to assess individual time trade?offs between foraging and other behaviors in different individual and ecological contexts, and during experimental sound exposures. The experiments included 1-2 and 6-7 kHz naval sonar exposures (a potential anthropogenic stressor), playback of killer whale (a potential predator/competitor) vocalizations, and negative controls. We combined multiple time series data from digital acoustic recording tags (DTAG) as well as group?level social behavior data from visual observations of tagged whales at the surface. The data were classified into near?surface behaviors and dive types (using a hidden Markov model for dive transitions) and aggregated into time budgets. On average, individuals (N = 19) spent most of their time (69%) resting and transiting near surface, 21% in shallow dives (depth

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