Age-related variation in energy expenditure in a longlived bird within the envelope of an energy ceiling

• Published in: Journal of Animal Ecology
• Main Authors: H. Elliott, Kyle, Le Vaillant, Maryline, Kato, Akiko, J. Gaston, Anthony, Ropert‐coudert, Yan, F. Hare, James, R. Speakman, John, Croll, Donald
• Other Authors: Department of Biological Sciences Winnipeg, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, National Wildlife Research Center, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Institute of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Branch (CAS), University of California Santa Cruz (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2014
• Subjects: device effects; doubly labelled water; energy ceiling; extrinsic limitation; intrinsic limitation; repeatability; thick-billed murre; Uria lomvia; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; uria
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-00854231; https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12126

International audience 1. Energy expenditure in wild animals can be limited (i) intrinsically by physiological processes that constrain an animal's capacity to use energy, (ii) extrinsically by energy availability in the environment and/or (iii) strategically based on trade-offs between elevated metabolism and survival. Although these factors apply to all individuals within a population, some individuals expend more or less energy than other individuals. 2. To examine the role of an energy ceiling in a species with a high and individually repeatable metabolic rate, we compared energy expenditure of thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) with and without handicaps during a period of peak energy demand (chick-rearing, N = 16). We also compared energy expenditure of unencumbered birds (N = 260) across 8 years exhibiting contrasting environmental conditions and correlated energy expenditure with fitness (reproductive success and survival). 3. Murres experienced an energy ceiling mediated through behavioural adjustments. Handicapped birds decreased time spent flying/diving and chick-provisioning rates such that overall daily energy expenditure remained unchanged across the two treatments. The energy ceiling did not reflect energy availability or trade-offs with fitness, as energy expenditure was similar across contrasting foraging conditions and was not associated with reduced survival or increased reproductive success. 4. We found partial support for the trade-off hypothesis as older murres, where prospects for future reproduction would be relatively limited, did overcome an energy ceiling to invest more in offspring following handicapping by reducing their own energy reserves. The ceiling therefore appeared to operate at the level of intake rather than expenditure. 5. A meta-analysis comparing responses of breeding animals to handicapping suggests that our results are typical: animals either reduced investment in themselves or in their offspring to remain below an energy ceiling. Across species, whether a handicapped ...