Cognitive impairment: an increasingly important complication of type 2 diabetes: the age, gene/environment susceptibility--Reykjavik study

Persons with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. Less is known about which cognitive abilities are affected and how undiagnosed diabetes and impaired fasting glucose relate to cognitive performance. The authors explored this question using data from 1,917 nondemented men...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American Journal of Epidemiology
Main Authors: Saczynski, Jane S., Jonsdottir, Maria K., Garcia, Melissa E., Jonsson, Palmi V., Peila, Rita, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Olafsdottir, Elin, Harris, Tamara B., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Launer, Lenore J.
Other Authors: Meyers Primary Care Institute, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2022
Subjects:
Aged
Blood Glucose
Cognition Disorders
Cohort Studies
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2
Environment
Fasting
Female
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Glycemic Index
Hemoglobin A
Glycosylated
Humans
Iceland
Logistic Models
Male
Psychological Tests
Questionnaires
Biostatistics
Epidemiology
Health Services Research
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwn228
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/47629
https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/qhs_pp/756
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Summary:Persons with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. Less is known about which cognitive abilities are affected and how undiagnosed diabetes and impaired fasting glucose relate to cognitive performance. The authors explored this question using data from 1,917 nondemented men and women (average age = 76 years) in the population-based Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (2002-2006). Glycemic status groups included diagnosed diabetes (self-reported diabetes or diabetic medication use; n = 163 (8.5%)), undiagnosed diabetes (fasting blood glucose >or=7.0 mmol/L without diagnosed diabetes; n = 55 (2.9%)), and impaired fasting glucose (fasting blood glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/L; n = 744 (38.8%)). Composites of memory, processing speed (PS), and executive function were constructed from a neuropsychological battery. Linear regression was used to investigate cross-sectional differences in cognitive performance between glycemic groups, adjusted for demographic and health factors. Persons with diagnosed diabetes had slower PS than normoglycemics (beta = -0.12; P < 0.05); diabetes duration of >or=15 years was associated with significantly poorer PS and executive function. Undiagnosed diabetics had slower PS (beta = -0.22; P < 0.01) and poorer memory performance (beta = -0.22; P < 0.05). Persons with type 2 diabetes have poorer cognitive performance than normoglycemics, particularly in PS. Those with undiagnosed diabetes have the lowest cognitive performance.

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