Analiza kovin v ptičjem perju: pilotna vpeljava metode v Talum Inštitutu, d. o. o.

• Main Author: Kozoderc, Klara
• Other Authors: Janžekovič, Franc
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: [K. Kozoderc] 2016
• Subjects: kovine; perje; bioindikator; biomonitoring; metals; feathers; bioindicator; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/546.3:591.478(043.2); Accipiter gentilis; Strix uralensis; Ural Owl; Black-headed Gull; Larus ridibundus
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=55605; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=83455&dn=; http://www.cobiss.si/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=cobib&rid=21827336&fmt=11

V magistrski nalogi smo razvili postopek in izvedli preliminarno analizo kovin v ptičjem perju v industrijskem laboratoriju Talum Inštitut, d. o. o. Novost v metodološkem delu ustaljenega postopka analize kovin v vzorcih s tehniko ICP-MS je predstavljala priprava biološkega materiala za razklop v mikrovalovni pečici. Vzorce perja 22 osebkov 7 različnih vrst (lesna sova, Strix aluco, kanja, Buteo buteo, skobec, Accipiter nisus, kragulj, Accipiter gentilis, kozača, Strix uralensis, mala uharica, Asio otus, rečni galeb, Larus ridibundus) iz 12 lokacij (Ljubljana z okolico, Ivančna Gorica, Kranj, Brnik, Velenje, Celje, Griže, Remšnik, Maribor, Ptuj, Šentjernej, Koper) smo prejeli od Zatočišča za zaščitene prostoživeče živali Golob, d. o. o., na Muti. Odvzeli so jih v času kliničnega pregleda in zdravstvene oskrbe živali. Vzorce so odvzeli tudi poginulim ali usmrčenim osebkom. Krovna in puhasta peresa s prsnice smo uporabili v celoti, letalna peresa peruti in repa pa smo razrezali na distalni in proksimalni del ter srednji del na pigmentirane in manj pigmentirane proge. Analizirali smo vsebnost 25 elementov: Ag, As, Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl in Zn. Uspešnost metode smo preverili s primerjavo rezultatov analize različnih delov letalnih peres peruti in repa s trendi iz literature. Potrdili smo, da Talum Inštitut, d. o. o., omogoča izvedbo merjenja koncentracij kovin v ptičjem perju. Rezultate analize smo uredili po lokacijah, vrstah in trofičnih nivojih. S kovinami bolj obremenjena mesta so Ptuj, Maribor, Šentjernej, Celje in Velenje, manj pa Ivančna Gorica, Brnik in Remšnik. Na osnovi rezultatov glede na vrste in trofične nivoje nismo mogli oblikovati splošno veljavnih sklepov zaradi premajhnega števila vzorcev v posameznih kategorijah. In the present research, we developed the procedure and implemented it in the preliminary analysis of metals in bird feathers at the industrial laboratory Talum Inštitut d. o. o. The novelty in the standard procedure of metal analysis via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was the preparation of biological material for the microwave digestion. In total 22 samples of feathers from 7 bird species (tawny owl, Strix aluco, common buzzard, Buteo buteo, sparrowhawk, Accipiter nisus, goshawk, Accipiter gentilis, Ural owl, Strix uralensis, long-eared owl, Asio otus, black-headed gull, Larus ridibundus), originating from 12 locations (Ljubljana with surrounding area, Ivančna Gorica, Kranj, Brnik, Velenje, Celje, Griže, Remšnik, Maribor, Ptuj, Šentjernej, Koper) were acquired by veterinarian dr. Zlatko Golob during the clinical examination and medical care of animals at the Asylum for protected wild animals Golob d. o. o. Vaned and down feathers from sternum were used whole flight feathers of the wing and tail were cut down into 4 sections (distal and proximal sections pigmented and less pigmented stripes of middle sections) with a stainless steel scissor. We determined the concentrations of Ag, As, Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl and Zn. The successfulness of our work was tested by comparing the results from different sections of flight feathers with findings from other researches. We confirmed that Talum Inštitut d. o. o. is qualified for measuring concentrations of metals in bird feathers. Results from vaned feathers were organized by locations, species and trophic levels. The most heavily burdened by metals are Ptuj, Maribor, Šentjernej, Celje and Velenje the least are Ivančna Gorica, Brnik and Remšnik. We were unable to deduce valid conclusions from results by species and trophic levels because the sample sizes in individual categories were too small.