Policizacija vojske in militarizacija policije : študija primerov
Da bi lažje razumeli današnjo svetovno varnostno situacijo, si moramo podrobno pogledati delovanje dveh pomembnih državnih varnostnih institucij – vojske in policije. Že ob hitrem pregledu tematike lahko ugotovimo, da se policija in vojska ukvarjata z drugačnimi nalogami kot v preteklosti, saj se sp...
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| Format: | Bachelor Thesis |
| Language: | Slovenian |
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K. Vončina
2013
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| Online Access: | https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=41918 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=58253&dn= https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/2687210?lang=sl |
| Summary: | Da bi lažje razumeli današnjo svetovno varnostno situacijo, si moramo podrobno pogledati delovanje dveh pomembnih državnih varnostnih institucij – vojske in policije. Že ob hitrem pregledu tematike lahko ugotovimo, da se policija in vojska ukvarjata z drugačnimi nalogami kot v preteklosti, saj se spreminja tudi narava groženj tako nacionalni kot mednarodni varnosti. Meje med obema institucijama se pogosto brišejo. Policija dobiva nekatere lastnosti vojske, vojska pa od policije včasih prevzame nekatere naloge. Značilen primer je predvsem sodelovanje vojske v mednarodnih mirovnih operacijah, kjer vojaki opravljajo naloge, ki precej spominjajo na policijske. To pa ni edini primer, vojska se namreč zaradi vse bolj nadnacionalne narave nekaterih groženj varnosti vključuje tudi v boj proti terorizmu in drogam, prišlo pa je že do uporabe vojske za zatiranje protestov na domačih tleh. Po drugi strani policija zaradi vse nevarnejših storilcev kaznivih dejanj v svoje strukture uvaja nekatere vojaške lastnosti, hkrati pa se oborožuje z orožjem, do katerega je imela tradicionalno dostop le vojska. Tudi policija se udeležuje mednarodnih mirovnih misij. Na misijah policisti sicer izvajajo klasične policijske naloge, toda naloge izvajajo na tujem ozemlju in na pripadnikih neke druge narodnosti kot so oni sami, misije pa se pogosto dogajajo na precej nestabilnih območjih, kjer se je ravnokar končala vojna. Naloge se spreminjajo tudi slovenskim policistom in vojakom. Policisti so na primer sodelovali v slovenski osamosvojitveni vojni, vojaki na mednarodnih misijah pa sploh ne opravljajo bojnih nalog, temveč na svojem območju delovanja vzdržujejo javni red in mir ter sodelujejo z lokalno policijo. To gain a better understanding of today's global security situation, we must first take a closer look at two of the most important state-owned security institutions – the military and the police. Even after a quick insight into the topic, we can conclude that the police and the military deal with different tasks than in the past, which is understandable, given the changing nature of threats to both national and international security. The boundaries between the two institutions are often blurred. The police are picking up some traits of the military while the military sometimes takes over certain tasks from the police. A typical example of this is the involvement of military organizations in international peacekeeping missions, where soldiers perform tasks, that are rather reminiscent of policing tasks. But this is not the only example. Because of the transnational nature of some threats to security, the military is becoming increasingly involved in the fight against terrorism and drugs or sometimes even to quell protests on its home territory. On the other hand, because of increasingly dangerous criminals, police institutions are sometimes introducing military features into their organizations, such as arming themselves with military-grade weaponry and equipment. The police of many countries also participate in international peacekeeping operations. There, police officers usually carry out classical police tasks, but they are carried out on foreign soil and against citizens of a different nationality than the police officers. The missions themselves usually take place in dangerous regions, where sometimes war had just recently ended. We also found out, that Slovenian policemen and soldiers are also subject to changes in their tasks. For example, police officers had an active role in the Slovenian war of independence while Slovenian soldiers on international missions do not participate in combat operations. They are rather used to maintain public order and to cooperate with the local police forces. |
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