KAZNIVO DEJANJE KRŠITVE DRUŽINSKIH OBVEZNOSTI

• Main Author: Španinger, Jernej
• Other Authors: Bele, Ivan
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: J. Španinger 2012
• Subjects: Kaznivo dejanje kršitve družinskih obveznosti; kaznivo dejanje zanemarjanja otroka in surovo ravnanje; kaznivo dejanje neplačevanja preživnine; kaznivo dejanje nasilja v družini; zakonska zveza; zunajzakonska skupnost; ločitev; partner; starš; otrok; Criminal act of violation of domestic relations; criminal act of child abuse and harmful treatment; criminal act of nonpayment of child support or alimony; criminal act of domestic violence; marital relationship; domestic partnership; divorce; parent; child.; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/347.6:343.3/.7(043.2); sami
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=38661; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=51819&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/4433707?lang=sl

Kaznivo dejanje kršitve družinskih obveznosti in kaznivo dejanje nasilja v družini sta pereča pojava naše družbe, ki glede na aktualno gibanje življenja naraščata ali ostajata v istem obsegu, vsekakor pa ne stagnirata. V sodobni družbi je vedno manj zakonskih zvez, vedno več partnerjev živi v zunajzakonskih skupnosti, vedno bolj množičen pa postaja tudi pojav istospolnih partnerskih zvez. Kljub temu, da je zakonskih zvez za več kot 10 odstotkov manj kot pred petdesetimi leti, je za 100 odstotkov več ločitev, glede na število ločitev pred petdesetimi leti. Vse navedeno pripomore h kaznivim dejanjem kršitve družinskih obveznosti, kajti če ne bi bilo ločitev in razvez, tudi ne bi bilo kaznivega dejanja neplačevanja preživnine, saj ta institut ne bi bil potreben, kadar bi vsi člani družine živeli skupaj pod eno streho in spoštovali medsebojne pravice ter obveznosti. K temu kaznivemu dejanju pripomore tudi vedno več zunajzakonskih skupnosti, ki niso registrirane pri nobenem pristojnem organu in tako predvsem ob njenem razpadu ostanejo otroci nezavarovani, v kolikor sami oziroma starš pri katerem so, ne sproži postopka za preživljanje otroka, tudi s strani drugega starša. Družinske obveznosti se kršijo tudi z zanemarjanjem družinskih članov, ki sami ne morejo skrbeti zase, če se jih pusti v težkem položaju iz katerega se sami ne morejo izkopati. Najhuje pa je, ko se s kaznivim dejanjem zanemarjanja otroka in surovega ravnanja kršijo otrokove pravice in svoboščine. Do tega kaznivega dejanja prihaja predvsem takrat, ko starši ali druga odrasla oseba, ki ima pravice in dolžnosti do otroka, le-tega zanemari ter hudo krši svoje obveznosti, še posebej če to stori z dejanjem, ki je škodljivo za otrokov nadaljnji razvoj ali z njim surovo ravna ali ga trpinči. Kaznivo dejanje pomeni tudi nasilno ravnanje v družini, ki je novo kaznivo dejanje in tako izločeno iz kaznivega dejanja nasilništva. Tukaj gre predvsem za pretepanje družinskih članov, omejevanje svobode, siljenje k delu, spravljanje v manjvreden položaj, zaničevanje in tudi spolno nasilje je prisotno v družinskem življenju. Ljubezen, spoštovanje, enakost, sreča so najpomembnejše vrline družinskega življenja. Ker k temu stremim in ker si želim, da v družinah ne bi bilo trpljenja, nasilja, trpinčenja, zanemarjanja, poniževanja, ampak da bi prišle na dan prej naštete vrline, sem se tudi odločil, da to problematiko raziščem v svojem diplomskem delu. V anketi sem poskušal ugotoviti, katere so najbolj pogoste oblike kaznivih dejanj zoper družinske člane, poskušal sem poiskati pomanjkljivosti v sistemu družinskega in kazenskega prava, ki se tičejo obravnavane tematike, ter opozoriti nanje in nenazadnje sem predlagal tudi določene izboljšave, ki bi, po mojem mnenju, lahko zagotovile lepši jutri družinskega življenja. Morda s tem diplomskim delom odprem oči kakšni žrtvi, da spozna kaj so njene pravice in kje jo zakon varuje, morda kakšen predlog uporabi celo zakonodajalec, če pa mi s svojim diplomskim delom uspe opozoriti na anomalije, ki se dogajajo v družinskem okolju in se zaradi tega začne govoriti o problematiki, ki je v sodobnem življenju tabu tema ter se posledično začnejo stvari obračati na bolje, je namen mojega diplomskega dela dosežen. The criminal act of violation of domestic relations and the criminal act of domestic violence are serious problems of our society that are according to current lifestyle rising or at least staying in the same extent however definitely not stagnating. In a modern society the number of marital relationships is decreasing on the expense of growing number of domestic partnership and same-sex partnership. Despite the fact that there are more than 10 percent less marital relationships than 50 years ago there are 100 percent more divorced couples than 50 years ago. All stated in the previous paragraph contributes to criminal acts of violation of domestic relations because if there were no separations and no one got a divorce there were no criminal acts of nonpayment of child support or alimony as this article would not be necessary as it is not in case of families living under the same roof and in respect to everyone’s rights and obligations. More and more domestic partnerships not registered at competent authorities are contributing to this criminal act therefore when broken children stay unprotected in a case when the parent in charge of care for a child does not start the procedure for child support from the other parent. Domestic relations are also violated with the neglecting of family members that are incapable of taking care of themselves if they are left in a situation that they cannot handle themselves. The worst case scenario is when with the criminal act of violation of marital relationship, family and children is violation of child rights and freedom with the criminal act of neglecting a child and child abuse. These happens mostly when parents or other legal guardians neglect a child and severely violate their parental responsibility especially by performing an act harmful to child's growth and development or treat him roughly or even abuse him. An act of crime is also criminal act of domestic violence that is a newly defined criminal act which was eliminated from criminal act of bullying. This act is about assault and battering of family members, limiting their freedom, forcing them to perform work, forcing them to subordinate, treat them with contempt and even sexual abuse present in family life. Love, respect, equality and happiness are the most important virtues of a family life. In a hope to reach their fulfillment my wish is that suffering, violence, abuses and humiliation would not happen rather above wanted virtues therefore I decided to explore this subject in my graduation thesis. In the survey that is a part of graduation thesis a goal was to uncover the most common criminal acts against family members. Next to that I tried to search for any potential deficiencies in the system of family and criminal law and to point them out and last but not least I proposed certain improvements that in my opinion should provide a better tomorrow for members of domestic relationships.