KOGNITIVNE SPREMEMBE V OBDOBJU ODRASLOSTI IN STARANJA

• Main Author: Nonković, Anita
• Other Authors: Bakračevič Vukman, Karin
• Format: Bachelor Thesis
• Language: Slovenian
• Published: A. Nonković 2010
• Subjects: Staranje; kognitivni razvoj; modrost; selektivna optimizacija; upad sposobnosti; demenca.; Aging; cognitive development; wisdom; selective optimization; decrease of abilities; dementia.; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/159.9(043.2); sami
• Online Access: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=15595; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=17192&dn=; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/17937160?lang=sl

Namen diplomskega dela je bil pobliže spoznati proces staranja in s staranjem povezane spremembe na kognitivnem in drugih področjih. V teoretičnem delu je poudarek na kognitivnem razvoju v odrasli dobi opisan je spoznavni razvoj v adolescenci in odrasli dobi, upad sposobnosti, demenca, modrost ter strategije, s katerimi starostniki nadomestijo upad svojih spoznavnih sposobnosti (selekcija, optimizacija, kompenzacija). Dotaknili smo se socialnega in emocionalnega razvoja ter izobraževanja v odrasli dobi. Empirični del diplomske naloge se nanaša na rezultate, pridobljene z anketnim vprašalnikom, ki smo ga sestavili sami. Opravljen je bil na vzorcu 40-ih odraslih, starih od 55 do 65 let, med anketiranci so tudi varovanci doma starejših občanov in socialnovarstvenega zavoda. Ugotovili smo, da odrasli v obdobju prehoda v pozno odraslost le redko živijo sami. Osamljeni niso, zaposlijo se s hobiji. Svojemu zdravju bi lahko posvečali več pozornosti. Besedo starostnik povezujejo s starostjo, z domom upokojencev, predvsem z vidnimi znaki staranja kot so sivi lasje, onemoglost. Počutijo se mlajše kot so, zadovoljni so s svojim življenjem. Za svojo poučenost o stvareh, ki jih zanimajo, poskrbijo sami, največkrat preko televizije, knjig in revij. Opažamo, da odrasli najbolje rešujejo naloge verbalnih sposobnosti in spomina. Nekoliko slabše, a še vedno dobro rešujejo naloge za ugotavljanje prostorske orientacije. Najmanj pravilne odgovore dosegajo v nalogah z moralno dilemo. Intention of this diploma paper is to get familiar with the process of aging and its connected changes. In the theoretical part we focus on cognitive development in adulthood, we describe cognitive development in adolescence and adulthood, decrease of abilities, dementia, wisdom and strategies with which older people substitute decrease of cognitive abilities (selection, optimization, compensation). We mention social and emotional development and education in adulthood. Empirical part of diploma paper is focusing on results which were acquired with our own questionnaire. A research was made among forty adult people of age between 55 and 65. Among these are also those who live in a home for senior citizens and social-health institution. We found out that adults in the transition period from early to late adolescence rarely live alone. They are not lonely and have different hobbies but they should put more focus on their health. The word elderly has been associated with age, retirement home and especially visible signs of aging such as gray hair and exhaustion. They feel younger and are more satisfied with their lives. They learn about things that interest them most by television, books and magazines. We notice that adults are very good in solving verbal and memory activities a bit worse but still quite good in space orientation but are not successful at all when it comes to solving tasks involving a moral dilemma.