| Summary: | This thesis presents a pioneering study in the remote sensing of sea ice-contaminated with oil, employing sophisticated electromagnetic simulation techniques to enhance detection and analysis capabilities. Central to this research are two critical methodologies: the 2D Finite-Difference Time-Domain (2D-FDTD) method and the Surface Volume Surface-Electric Field Integral Equation (SVS-EFIE) solver, both tailored to address the unique challenges presented by the Arctic environment. Initially, the thesis lays a foundational understanding of the physical, thermodynamic, and electromagnetic properties of sea ice, setting the stage for detailed investigations into how crude oil contamination affects these characteristics. The exploration delves into the interactions between sea ice and crude oil, underpinning the development of remote sensing techniques for environmental monitoring in polar regions. Subsequently, the study introduces a comprehensive approach using the 2D-FDTD method, integrated with Monte Carlo simulations, to model the electromagnetic scattering from multi-layered media, including the rough surfaces characteristic of sea ice. Further advancing the research, the application of the SVS-EFIE solver in full-wave electromagnetic analysis provides a deep dive into the effects of oil contamination on sea ice. Through comparative analyses with commercial solvers, such as FEKO, this thesis validates the effectiveness of the proposed models, showcasing their potential to revolutionize environmental monitoring practices by offering more precise and reliable detection of oil spills in Arctic regions. In summary, this thesis not only enhances the understanding of electromagnetic wave interactions with contaminated sea ice but also advances the field of remote sensing. By developing and validating innovative simulation techniques, specifically the 2D-FDTD method and the SVS-EFIE solver, it contributes significantly to the detection and analysis of environmental hazards, paving the way for improved conservation ...
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