Lipophilic toxins occurrence in non-traditional invertebrate vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco): Update on geographical tendencies and new challenges for monitoring routines

• Published in: Marine Pollution Bulletin
• Main Authors: Silva, Marisa, Rodríguez, Inés, Barreiro, Aldo, Kaufmann, Manfred, Neto, Ana Isabel, Hassouani, Meryem, Sabour, Brahim, Alfonso, Amparo, Botana, Luis M., Vasconcelos, Vitor
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2020
• Subjects: Azaspiracids; Pectenotoxins; Yessotoxins; Spirolides; New vectors; North Atlantic; Faculdade de Ciências da Vida
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/3684; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111725

In the last decades, due to monitoring programs and strict legislation poisoning incidents occurrence provoked by ingestion of naturally contaminated marine organisms has decreased. However, climate change and an thropogenic interference contributed to the expansion and establishment of toxic alien species to more temperate ecosystems. In this work, the coasts of Madeira, São Miguel islands and the northwestern Moroccan coast were surveyed for four groups of lipophilic toxins (yessotoxins, azaspiracids, pectenotoxins, and spirolides), searching for new vectors and geographical tendencies. Twenty-four species benthic organisms were screened using UHPLC-MS/MS technique. We report 19 new vectors for these toxins, six of them with commercial interest (P. aspera, P. ordinaria, C. lampas, P. pollicipes, H. tuberculata and P. lividus). Regarding toxin uptake a south-north gradient was detected. This study contributes to the update of monitoring routines and legislation policies, comprising a wider range of vectors, to better serve consumers and ecosystems preservation. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion