| Summary: | The work is devoted to the traditional embroidery of peoples of Karelia (Olonets province),primarily of the Russians, in the context of the way of life in peasant culture. The subject of the research is the traditional embroidered textile of the peoples of Karelia as a cultural and historical phenomenon. This study is based on my fieldwork trips carried out from 1986 to 2011 in the regions of the Russian North, in addition to accessing museum collections preserved in Russia and Finland. The theoretical basis was developed by the researchers, considering the ornament as a special language of culture, a symbolic way of communication, and a thing, a rite as coded ways of expressing of myth. These codes (code of objects, code of actions), along with the verbal (verbal code) express a common meaning and are in a complex relationship. Therefore, to understand the symbolism and the features of traditional existence of embroidery and ornament, the semantics of which is capable for decoding, the author uses people's knowledge, ritual practices, folklore, etc. The use of the comparative-historical method in chronological and local-regional aspect makes it possible to compare the local Russian population groups, their relationship with the Finno-Ugric peoples, as well as to reveal the regional specificity of the embroidery of Russian population of Karelia against the all-Russian ethnic group. With consideration for local features, the author considers the material, coloration, embroidery techniques and gives the classification of ornament and semantics of traditional images. The research deals with symbolic and utilitarian functions of the technological process for the preparation of decorated canvas (from flax cultivation to finished embroidery), the use of textiles in traditional ritual practices, i.e. the historical background, at the time when the embroideries existed, is presented in detail. The manufacture of embroideries is a synthesis of practical and symbolic actions, wherein the following factors are visible: the ...
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