Digging Hitler's Arctic War : Archaeologies and Heritage of the Second World War German military presence in Finnish Lapland

• Main Author: Seitsonen, Oula
• Other Authors: Mullins, Paul, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Arts, Department of Philosophy, History, Culture and Art Studies, Archaeology, Helsingin yliopisto, humanistinen tiedekunta, filosofian, historian, kulttuurin ja taiteiden tutkimuksen laitos, Helsingfors universitet, humanistiska fakulteten, institutionen för filosofi, historia, kultur- och konstforskning, Herva, Vesa-Pekka, Koskinen-Koivisto, Eerika, Thomas, Suzie
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: Helsingin yliopisto 2018
• Subjects: Arctic; Arktis*; Northern Finland; Lapland
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/231761

This dissertation discusses the material heritage of the German military presence in Finnish Lapland during the Second World War (WWII), as seen through archaeological and multidisciplinary studies. The Nazi German presence as brothers-in-arms in northern Finland has been a difficult and downplayed issue on multiple levels throughout the post-war decades. This study presents the first wider, problem-oriented and theoretically informed investigation about the archaeologies, materialities and heritage of the German WWII presence. However, even this work barely scratches the surface of this multifaceted subject and sets out future research directions. The experience of WWII in Lapland was different from the war experience elsewhere in Finland. The German troops had the frontal responsibility in Lapland in 1941–1944, and at the height of their military build-up there were more German troops and their multinational prisoners in the area than local inhabitants. After Finland made a cease-fire with the Soviet Union in 1944, a Finno-German Lapland War (1944–1945) broke out between the former brothers-in-arms. Due to the long nation-level downplay of the complex German presence, also the northern Finnish and Sámi war experiences have become side-lined. Accordingly, the German material remains have been treated dismissively as “war junk” littering Lapland’s nature. However, for the locals these were well-known throughout the post-war decades, as active material agents of communal and familial memories, and as part of Lapland’s cultural landscapes. This dissertation has two main focuses. Firstly, I study the Germans’ and their prisoners’ experiences in Lapland during the war through the material remains and archaeological inquiries, and secondly, the ways in which the different stakeholders have signified the traces of war in the post-war decades. The material traces illustrate and highlight in many ways the experiential aspects of the German soldiers’ and their prisoners’ wartime existence in an unfamiliar northern ...