| Summary: | Archaeological surveys and excavations in the 'Veenkolonien' in eastern Groningen have revealed the presence of remnants of frost mounds and pingo scars which date back to the Late Glacial. The organic contents of a pingo scar near Wildervank were investigated palynologically. The period of 12,500-10,000 BP, dated by 14C, turned out to differ in some botanical aspects from the traditional sequence as is known for the Drenthe plateau. It was concluded from the pollen diagram that a birch taiga was found in the area from c. 12,500 to 11,400 BP. Subsequently pine moved in and a relatively dense birch/pine pioneer forest existed during the second part o f the Allerød. At around 10,725 BP, the beginning of the Younger Dryas, birches seem to decrease in number whereas pines remain constant. Crowberry appears during this period but its pollen values are lower than contemporaneous ones from the Drenthe plateau. Permanent water in the depressions is indicated by green algae. A sand layer of early Halocene age covers the Late Glacial.
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