The Halomonhystera disjuncta population is homogeneous across the Håkon Mosby mud volcano (Barents Sea) but is genetically differentiated from its shallow-water relatives

The deep sea has a high biodiversity and a characteristic bathyal fauna. Earlier evidence suggested that at least some shallow-water species invaded the ecosystem followed by radiation leading to endemic deep-sea lineages with a genetic and/or morphological similarity to their shallow-water counterp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research
Main Authors: Van Campenhout, Jelle, Derycke, Sofie, Tchesunov, Alexei, Portnova, Daria, Vanreusel, Ann
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2014
Subjects:
Biology and Life Sciences
population genetics
Deep sea
NEMATODE MONHYSTERA-DISJUNCTA
PELLIODITIS-MARINA
NORWEGIAN SEA
Hakon Mosby mud volcano
Halomonhystera
cryptic species
FREE-LIVING MARINE
EAST PACIFIC RISE
DEEP-SEA
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA
PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE
CONTINENTAL-MARGIN
CRYPTIC DIVERSITY
Barents Sea
Norwegian Sea
Pacific
Online Access:https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/5819714
http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-5819714
https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12054
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/5819714/file/5820569
Description
Summary:The deep sea has a high biodiversity and a characteristic bathyal fauna. Earlier evidence suggested that at least some shallow-water species invaded the ecosystem followed by radiation leading to endemic deep-sea lineages with a genetic and/or morphological similarity to their shallow-water counterparts. The nematode Halomonhystera disjuncta has been reported from shallow-water habitats and the deep sea [Hakon Mosby mud volcano (HMMV)], but the morphological features and the phylogenetic relationships between deep-sea and shallow-water representatives remain largely unknown. Furthermore, nothing is known about the genetic structure of the H. disjuncta population within the HMMV. This study is the first integrative approach in which the morphological and phylogenetic relationships between a deep-sea and shallow-water free-living nematode species are investigated. To elucidate the phylogenetic relationships, we analysed the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) and three nuclear ribosomal genes (Internal Transcribed Spacer region, 18S and the D2D3 region of 28S). Our results show that deep-sea nematodes comprise an endemic lineage compared to the shallow-water representatives with different morphometric features. COI genetic divergence between the deep-sea and shallow-water specimens ranges between 19.1% and 25.2%. Taking these findings into account, we conclude that the deep-sea form is a new species. AMOVA revealed no genetic structure across the HMMV, suggesting that nematodes are able to disperse efficiently in the mud volcano.

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