Regulatory peptides and physiological adaptations to the cold environment in Antarctic teleosts
Physiological adaptation of Antarctic teleosts to cold environment was studied with regard to the presence of regulatory peptides involved in (i) cardiac and ion-water homeostasis, (ii) brain, (iii) intestine, and (iv) gonads. Immunoreactivity for different regions of the Atrial Natriuretic Peptide...
| Published in: | Italian Journal of Zoology |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Other Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Frencis Group
2000
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11567/265611 https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356357 |
| Summary: | Physiological adaptation of Antarctic teleosts to cold environment was studied with regard to the presence of regulatory peptides involved in (i) cardiac and ion-water homeostasis, (ii) brain, (iii) intestine, and (iv) gonads. Immunoreactivity for different regions of the Atrial Natriuretic Peptide was detected in the heart of Trematomus bernacchii, Chionodraco hamatus, Cryodraco antarcticus, and Champsocephalus gunnari, while immunoreactivity for other regulatory peptides (i.e., endothelin-1, somatostatin-14, and galanin) appeared to be widely distributed in the cardio-vascular system. Osmoregulatory peptides (somatostatin-14, prolactin, atrial natriuretic peptide, galanin, and urotensin II) were localised by immunohistochemistry in the urinary bladder and gills. From studies on the distribution of the pituitary specific transcription factor 1 and adenohypophysial hormones (growth hormone, prolactin, and gonadotropin releasing hormone) in the brain and pituitary of Trematomus bernacchii and Pagothenia coriiceps, it was evident that the pituitary specific transcription factor 1 acts as a developmental regulator of the anterior pituitary, responsible for growth hormone and prolactin cell commitment, differentiation, and gene expression. This coexistence appeared to be a unique trait of Antarctic teleosts. Analyses of the distribution and localisation of gastrointestinal hormones and neuropeptides (insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, and peptide histidine isoleucine) in adults of Chionodraco hamatus, Pagetopsis mascropterus, and Notothenia coriiceps, and larvae of Pleuragramma antarcticum showed that most of the immunoreactive nerve fibres in Notothenioids are of extrinsic type. Ultrastructural analysis of Chionodraco hamatus, Champsocephalus gunnari, and Notothenia coriiceps male gametes showed some peculiar aspects in the head of the spermatozoa. Studies on the spermatogenesis indicated a shifted circannual ... |
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