Bioglider: an integrated glider solution for enhancing environmental knowledge

• Main Authors: Ponçon, Yves, Mortier, Laurent, Picheral, Marc, Fitzek, Peer, Hayes, Dan, Abdi, Ehsan, Zdroik, Jakub, Beszczynska-Möller, Agnieszka, Coindat, Jerome, Dunn, Muriel, Ramasco, Virginie, Thorstensen, Morten, Camus, Lionel, Priou, Pierre, Basedow, Sunnje, Pedersen, Geir, Arbi, Tarak, Geller, Benoit
• Other Authors: Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kongsberg Maritime, Cyprus Subsea, The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT), Institute of Marine Research Bergen (IMR), University of Bergen (UiB), Unité d'Informatique et d'Ingénierie des Systèmes (U2IS), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris), IEEE Oceanic engineering society
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2023
• Subjects: Gliders observations; [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering; [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography; Arctic; Sea ice; Zooplankton
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-04177859; https://hal.science/hal-04177859/document; https://hal.science/hal-04177859/file/Oceans23%202023183167%20%281%29.pdf

International audience This paper presents a technological solution for the observation and monitoring of the marine ecosystem. Three complementary devices, one optic imaging and one scientific acoustic instrument as well as one acoustic communication modem, have been integrated on glider platforms, providing qualitative and quantitative zooplankton and fish ecology observations, which are especially relevant in Nordic and Arctic polar regions. This 'Bioglider' solution has been tested on two available gliders. Another essential platform component for ocean observing are subsurface mooring lines which can complement glider observations in terms of temporal scales. Most of the time, they cannot have surface expressions in these regions because of sea-ice cover or harsh sea conditions, prohibiting real time data delivery. Underwater acoustic communication can allow the glider to serve as a data messenger, retrieving data from the moorings, complementing its measuring capacities. The Bioglider data transmission protocol and the Hydro-Acoustic Link Simulator were successfully tested in different test scenarios. We also developed a MIMO (Multi-input Multi-output) acoustic platform and obtained theoretical results about equalizing structures to face the harsh multipath acoustic underwater propagation. These developments address the challenges posed by sea-ice cover, harsh sea conditions, and maritime traffic, ensuring near real-time data delivery and enabling comprehensive observations of the marine environment. The Bioglider sensor solution and Bioglider data transmission solution have been implemented or designed for the existing and commercially available gliders and are validated by first promising results from an operational, technological and scientific point of view.