| Summary: | International audience The aim of the paper is to present an interdisciplinary spatial methodological approach of transformation and construction of knowledge about the arctic landscape. The construction of socio-cultural, socio-environmental and territorial knowledge is based on: (a) the development of an interdisciplinary methodology integrated and formalized ontologically, where researchers initially follow a positivist approach; (b) the systematic collection of geographical, sociolinguistic, spatial, and archaeological land data, maps, toponyms, linguistic dictionaries; (c) the integration of the collected data into a geolinguistic and geographic database, organized, merged and structured according to the ontological model created integrating it into a geographic information system (GIS); (d) the acquisition of spatial remote sensing data. The established geographical indicators encompass geographical, cultural, anthropological, historical and territorial objects modelled by Earth satellite remote sensing. It also gives the possibility to extract ontologies of landscapes: the geographic objects, geolocalised, and as an element or a whole ontologically defining a place.
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