| Summary: | PACHECO, Daniela Filipa Abreu - Desgaste Dentário e Topografia Dentária em Relação com a Idade Mediante a Análise da Morfometria Geométrica em R: Aplicação ao Estudo dos Caçadores-Recolectores. Coimbra : [s.n.], 2016. Dissertação de Mestrado. The present work focuses on the study of dental wear and topography of 685 dental replicas (molars) belonging to adults of three population samples: one from the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection Trocas Internacionais (n= 422), of the early twentieth century, and two of hunter-gatherers: Australian Aborigines (n= 98) and Point Hope Eskimos (n= 168) using R software. For this study, a new methodology was developed focusing on three-dimension Geometric Morphometrics (GM 3D) based on pseudo-landmarks. It has the advantage of not requiring homologous landmarks on the tooth crown, and therefore, it can be applied on teeth with wear, which allows a considerable increase of the samples under study. The results revealed that this methodology is effective, showing a measurement error below 5%. Measures of dental topography, such as Relief Index (RFI), the Orientation Patch Count Rotated (OPCR) and Dirichlet Normal Energy (DNE) were also used to molar analysis. The results obtained showed, on one hand, the existence of significant correlations between dental wear, the RFI and DNE with age. On the other hand, they allowed inferences about the diet abrasiveness pattern, taking into account the dental wear and the RFI. The OPCR seems to measure the degree of hardness of the diet, clearly separating the population of hunter-gatherers from the Coimbra. The 3D dental analyses remain a field of inquiry not enough explored in the area of biological anthropology, which may provide interesting results with regard to the variability among modern humans and benefiting areas such as biological anthropology, paleoanthropology, primatology or forensic odontology O presente trabalho centra-se no estudo do desgaste e da topografia dentária de 685 réplicas dentárias (molares) pertencentes aos ...
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