Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal
Polygyny is the most common mating system in mammalian species (95%), yet our understanding of polygynous systems and microevolutionary processes is still limited. Pinniped mating systems range from extreme polygyny (e.g. elephant seals) to sequential female defence by males and hence have often bee...
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University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences
2008
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ftunivcanter:oai:ir.canterbury.ac.nz:10092/2505 2023-05-15T16:05:46+02:00 Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal Negro, Sandra Silvia 2008 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2505 https://doi.org/10.26021/9253 en eng University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences NZCU http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2505 http://dx.doi.org/10.26021/9253 Copyright Sandra Silvia Negro https://canterbury.libguides.com/rights/theses Parentage paternity reproductive success mating tactics mating systems polygyny life history pinniped fur seal Theses / Dissertations 2008 ftunivcanter https://doi.org/10.26021/9253 2022-09-08T13:43:24Z Polygyny is the most common mating system in mammalian species (95%), yet our understanding of polygynous systems and microevolutionary processes is still limited. Pinniped mating systems range from extreme polygyny (e.g. elephant seals) to sequential female defence by males and hence have often been used as models for mating system studies. Parentage analysis has enabled the examination of mating success, the identification of pedigrees, and the elucidation of social organisation, greatly enhancing our understanding of mating systems (Chapter 1). However, such analyses are not without pitfalls, with erroneous assignments common in open systems (i.e. when parental and offspring samplings are incomplete). We investigated the effects of the user-defined parameters on the accuracy of parental assignment using two commonly used parental allocation programme, CERVUS and PASOS (Chapter 2). We showed that inaccurate user-defined parameters in CERVUS and PASOS can lead to highly biased output e.g. the assignment rate at 95% CL of offspring with a sampled known mother to sampled males decreased from 58% to 32% when the proportion of candidate males sampled in the parameter options decreasing 4-fold. We found that the use of both CERVUS and PASOS for parentage assignment can increase the likelihood of correctly allocating offspring to sampled parents to 97% in our study system. Incorrect parental assignment can bias estimates of various biological parameters, such as lifetime reproductive success and mate choice preference, and hence bias ecological and evolutionary interpretations. Here, we propose solutions to increase the power of parentage assignment and hence decrease the bias in biological parameter estimates. In addition, we analysed the effects of the intrinsic bias in likelihood assignment approaches towards assigning higher probability of parentage on individuals with rare alleles and those with heightened offspring-parent matches, which increase with the number of homozygous loci (Chapter 3). We showed that, as ... Other/Unknown Material Elephant Seals University of Canterbury, Christchurch: UC Research Repository New Zealand |
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University of Canterbury, Christchurch: UC Research Repository |
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ftunivcanter |
language |
English |
topic |
Parentage paternity reproductive success mating tactics mating systems polygyny life history pinniped fur seal |
spellingShingle |
Parentage paternity reproductive success mating tactics mating systems polygyny life history pinniped fur seal Negro, Sandra Silvia Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal |
topic_facet |
Parentage paternity reproductive success mating tactics mating systems polygyny life history pinniped fur seal |
description |
Polygyny is the most common mating system in mammalian species (95%), yet our understanding of polygynous systems and microevolutionary processes is still limited. Pinniped mating systems range from extreme polygyny (e.g. elephant seals) to sequential female defence by males and hence have often been used as models for mating system studies. Parentage analysis has enabled the examination of mating success, the identification of pedigrees, and the elucidation of social organisation, greatly enhancing our understanding of mating systems (Chapter 1). However, such analyses are not without pitfalls, with erroneous assignments common in open systems (i.e. when parental and offspring samplings are incomplete). We investigated the effects of the user-defined parameters on the accuracy of parental assignment using two commonly used parental allocation programme, CERVUS and PASOS (Chapter 2). We showed that inaccurate user-defined parameters in CERVUS and PASOS can lead to highly biased output e.g. the assignment rate at 95% CL of offspring with a sampled known mother to sampled males decreased from 58% to 32% when the proportion of candidate males sampled in the parameter options decreasing 4-fold. We found that the use of both CERVUS and PASOS for parentage assignment can increase the likelihood of correctly allocating offspring to sampled parents to 97% in our study system. Incorrect parental assignment can bias estimates of various biological parameters, such as lifetime reproductive success and mate choice preference, and hence bias ecological and evolutionary interpretations. Here, we propose solutions to increase the power of parentage assignment and hence decrease the bias in biological parameter estimates. In addition, we analysed the effects of the intrinsic bias in likelihood assignment approaches towards assigning higher probability of parentage on individuals with rare alleles and those with heightened offspring-parent matches, which increase with the number of homozygous loci (Chapter 3). We showed that, as ... |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Negro, Sandra Silvia |
author_facet |
Negro, Sandra Silvia |
author_sort |
Negro, Sandra Silvia |
title |
Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal |
title_short |
Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal |
title_full |
Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal |
title_fullStr |
Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal |
title_sort |
reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the new zealand fur seal |
publisher |
University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2505 https://doi.org/10.26021/9253 |
geographic |
New Zealand |
geographic_facet |
New Zealand |
genre |
Elephant Seals |
genre_facet |
Elephant Seals |
op_relation |
NZCU http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2505 http://dx.doi.org/10.26021/9253 |
op_rights |
Copyright Sandra Silvia Negro https://canterbury.libguides.com/rights/theses |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26021/9253 |
_version_ |
1766401653579186176 |