Breeding Arctic Terns Kill Lemmings

Arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea) are well known for exhibiting vigorous defense of nests at their breeding colonies. However, in 2008 we observed a previously unreported behavior by terns. We watched chick-rearing adult terns attacking collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus), which included re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Mallory, M.L., Boadway, K.A., Boadway, J.J.T., Akearok, J.A.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 2010
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Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64553
Description
Summary:Arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea) are well known for exhibiting vigorous defense of nests at their breeding colonies. However, in 2008 we observed a previously unreported behavior by terns. We watched chick-rearing adult terns attacking collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus), which included repeatedly lifting them into the air and dropping them to the tundra until they died. Terns attack certain birds and mammals that intrude on their breeding territory but do not attack other species that are known to depredate eggs, suggesting that the ability of terns to discriminate threats is imperfect. Les sternes arctiques (Sterna paradisaea) sont bien connues pour la défense rigoureuse des nids de leurs colonies de reproduction. Cependant, en 2008, nous avons observé un comportement chez les sternes qui n'avait jamais été signalé auparavant. Nous avons vu des sternes adultes en train d'élever leurs petits s'attaquer à des lemmings à collerette (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus), notamment en les soulevant sans cesse dans les airs et en les laissant tomber sur la toundra jusqu'à ce qu'ils meurent. Les sternes attaquent certains oiseaux et mammifères qui s'infiltrent dans leur territoire de reproduction, mais elles ne s'attaquent pas aux autres espèces qui s'adonnent à la déprédation d'oeufs, ce qui laisse croire que l'aptitude des sternes à discriminer les menaces est imparfaite.