Terrestrial Foraging by Polar Bears during the Ice-Free Period in Western Hudson Bay

Food habits of polar bears on land during the ice-free period in western Hudson Bay were examined between 1986 and 1992. In contrast to previous studies, feeding on vegetation during the ice-free period was common. Between August and October, evidence of feeding was found in 34% of the females and 2...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Derocher, Andrew E., Andriashek, Dennis, Stirling, Ian
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1993
Subjects:
Age
Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64405
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Summary:Food habits of polar bears on land during the ice-free period in western Hudson Bay were examined between 1986 and 1992. In contrast to previous studies, feeding on vegetation during the ice-free period was common. Between August and October, evidence of feeding was found in 34% of the females and 26% of the males captured over 10 km inland from the coast. The primary forage was Vaccinium uliginosum and Empetrum nigrum berries. Feeding was most common in subadults and females. The incidence of feeding on berries varied annually from 2 to 41%. We were not able to determine the energetic importance of terrestrial foraging, but the intake may reduce the rate of weight loss of bears on land, particularly in years when berries are abundant.Key words: polar bears, Ursus maritimus, feeding, arctic food web On a étudié les habitudes alimentaires des ours polaires à terre durant la période libre de glace dans l'ouest de la baie d'Hudson entre 1986 et 1992. Contrairement aux études antérieures, l'alimentation végétale durant la période libre de glace était commune. Entre août et octobre, on a pu documenter l'alimentation chez 34 p. cent des femelles et 26 p. cent des mâles capturés dans une zone s'étendant jusqu'à 10 km à l'intérieur des terres. Le fourrage principal était constitué des baies Vaccinium uliginosum et Empetrum nigrum. La nourriture était surtout consommée par les jeunes adultes et les femelles. L'incidence de l'alimentation constituée de baies variait annuellement de 2 à 41 p. cent. On n'a pas été en mesure de déterminer l'importance énergétique de l'alimentation végétale terrestre, mais son absorption pourrait réduire le taux de perte de poids des ours à terre, en particulier les années où il y a une abondance de baies.Mots clés : ours polaires, Ursus maritirnus, alimentation, réseau trophique arctique