Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard

Walruses were once very abundant in the Svalbard archipelago. However three and a half centuries of commercial exploitation had caused the walrus to be on the verge of extinction in this region when it finally was totally protected in 1952. Since the mid-1980s walruses have again been commonly seen...

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Published in:ARCTIC
Main Authors: Gjertz, Ian, Wiig, Øystein
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: The Arctic Institute of North America 1994
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64324
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spelling ftunivcalgaryojs:oai:journalhosting.ucalgary.ca:article/64324 2023-05-15T14:19:10+02:00 Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard Gjertz, Ian Wiig, Øystein 1994-01-01 application/pdf https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64324 eng eng The Arctic Institute of North America https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64324/48259 https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64324 ARCTIC; Vol. 47 No. 1 (1994): March: 1–107; 34-42 1923-1245 0004-0843 Animal distribution Animal migration Animal population Animal taxonomy History Hunting Walruses Wildlife management Svalbard Svalbard waters info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research-article 1994 ftunivcalgaryojs 2022-03-22T21:21:32Z Walruses were once very abundant in the Svalbard archipelago. However three and a half centuries of commercial exploitation had caused the walrus to be on the verge of extinction in this region when it finally was totally protected in 1952. Since the mid-1980s walruses have again been commonly seen in parts of Svalbard. Based on information from literature, interviews and field observations, we attempt to identify in which areas of Svalbard, both historically and presently, walruses most frequently are observed and indicate the presence of all known walrus haul-out sites in the archipelago. Our study shows that walruses most frequently have been encountered during summer in four main areas. The results further indicate that walruses in Svalbard are predominantly males. Females and calves are, when encountered, mostly found in the extreme northeast part of Svalbard, neighboring the Russian archipelago Franz Josef Land. We discuss the possibility of migrations occurring between these two geographical areas and suggest that walruses in these two archipelagos are part of one common stock.Key words: walrus, Odobenus rosmarus, Svalbard, distribution Les morses abondaient autrefois dans l'archipel du Svalbard, mais trois siècles et demi d'exploitation commerciale avaient amené cette espèce animale au bord de l'extinction dans cette région, quand elle fut finalement déclarée espèce protégée en 1952. Depuis le milieu des années 80, les morses sont de nouveau observés couramment dans diverses parties du Svalbard. En s'appuyant sur des documents publiés, des interviews et des observations sur le terrain, on tente d'identifier les régions du Svalbard où l'on a observé ces animaux, dans le passé et de nos jours, et d'indiquer la présence de tous les sites connus où abordent les morses dans l'archipel. Notre étude révèle qu'on a aperçu le plus souvent les morses durant l'été dans quatre grandes régions. Les résultats indiquent en outre que les morses du Svalbard sont en majorité des mâles. L'observation de femelles et de petits a été faite en majorité aux confins nord-est du Svalbard, jouxtant l'archipel russe François-Joseph. On discute de la possibilité de migrations se produisant entre ces deux régions géographiques et on suggère que les morses peuplant ces deux archipels font partie d'une population commune.Mots clés: morse, Odobenus rosmarus, Svalbard, repartition Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Franz Josef Land Odobenus rosmarus Svalbard morse walrus* University of Calgary Journal Hosting Franz Josef Land ENVELOPE(55.000,55.000,81.000,81.000) Morse ENVELOPE(130.167,130.167,-66.250,-66.250) Svalbard Svalbard Archipelago ARCTIC 47 1
institution Open Polar
collection University of Calgary Journal Hosting
op_collection_id ftunivcalgaryojs
language English
topic Animal distribution
Animal migration
Animal population
Animal taxonomy
History
Hunting
Walruses
Wildlife management
Svalbard
Svalbard waters
spellingShingle Animal distribution
Animal migration
Animal population
Animal taxonomy
History
Hunting
Walruses
Wildlife management
Svalbard
Svalbard waters
Gjertz, Ian
Wiig, Øystein
Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard
topic_facet Animal distribution
Animal migration
Animal population
Animal taxonomy
History
Hunting
Walruses
Wildlife management
Svalbard
Svalbard waters
description Walruses were once very abundant in the Svalbard archipelago. However three and a half centuries of commercial exploitation had caused the walrus to be on the verge of extinction in this region when it finally was totally protected in 1952. Since the mid-1980s walruses have again been commonly seen in parts of Svalbard. Based on information from literature, interviews and field observations, we attempt to identify in which areas of Svalbard, both historically and presently, walruses most frequently are observed and indicate the presence of all known walrus haul-out sites in the archipelago. Our study shows that walruses most frequently have been encountered during summer in four main areas. The results further indicate that walruses in Svalbard are predominantly males. Females and calves are, when encountered, mostly found in the extreme northeast part of Svalbard, neighboring the Russian archipelago Franz Josef Land. We discuss the possibility of migrations occurring between these two geographical areas and suggest that walruses in these two archipelagos are part of one common stock.Key words: walrus, Odobenus rosmarus, Svalbard, distribution Les morses abondaient autrefois dans l'archipel du Svalbard, mais trois siècles et demi d'exploitation commerciale avaient amené cette espèce animale au bord de l'extinction dans cette région, quand elle fut finalement déclarée espèce protégée en 1952. Depuis le milieu des années 80, les morses sont de nouveau observés couramment dans diverses parties du Svalbard. En s'appuyant sur des documents publiés, des interviews et des observations sur le terrain, on tente d'identifier les régions du Svalbard où l'on a observé ces animaux, dans le passé et de nos jours, et d'indiquer la présence de tous les sites connus où abordent les morses dans l'archipel. Notre étude révèle qu'on a aperçu le plus souvent les morses durant l'été dans quatre grandes régions. Les résultats indiquent en outre que les morses du Svalbard sont en majorité des mâles. L'observation de femelles et de petits a été faite en majorité aux confins nord-est du Svalbard, jouxtant l'archipel russe François-Joseph. On discute de la possibilité de migrations se produisant entre ces deux régions géographiques et on suggère que les morses peuplant ces deux archipels font partie d'une population commune.Mots clés: morse, Odobenus rosmarus, Svalbard, repartition
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Gjertz, Ian
Wiig, Øystein
author_facet Gjertz, Ian
Wiig, Øystein
author_sort Gjertz, Ian
title Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard
title_short Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard
title_full Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard
title_fullStr Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard
title_full_unstemmed Past and Present Distribution of Walruses in Svalbard
title_sort past and present distribution of walruses in svalbard
publisher The Arctic Institute of North America
publishDate 1994
url https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64324
long_lat ENVELOPE(55.000,55.000,81.000,81.000)
ENVELOPE(130.167,130.167,-66.250,-66.250)
geographic Franz Josef Land
Morse
Svalbard
Svalbard Archipelago
geographic_facet Franz Josef Land
Morse
Svalbard
Svalbard Archipelago
genre Arctic
Franz Josef Land
Odobenus rosmarus
Svalbard
morse
walrus*
genre_facet Arctic
Franz Josef Land
Odobenus rosmarus
Svalbard
morse
walrus*
op_source ARCTIC; Vol. 47 No. 1 (1994): March: 1–107; 34-42
1923-1245
0004-0843
op_relation https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64324/48259
https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/arctic/article/view/64324
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