Break-up Flood Risk and Climatic Warming in Yakutsk (Russia)

International audience The Lena River is the major axis that structures a part of central and oriental Siberia. Real motorway in winter and seaway in summer, it is the only way that allows the goods transportation in quantity. More than 40 % of the Saka Republic (Yakoutia) inhabitants live along the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rollot, Romain, Ballais, Jean-Louis, Gadal, Sébastien, Danilov, Yuri
Other Authors: Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), North-Eastern Federal University, ANR-15-CE22-0006,PUR,Pôles URbains(2015)
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:French
Published: HAL CCSD 2017
Subjects:
Flooding
Global warming
Anthropisation
Lena river
Break-up
Oriental Siberia
Léna
Débâcle
Inondation
Réchauffement climatique
Sibérie orientale
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes
Yakutsk
Ice
lena river
permafrost
Yakoutsk
pergélisol
Siberia
Online Access:https://amu.hal.science/hal-01701061
https://amu.hal.science/hal-01701061/document
https://amu.hal.science/hal-01701061/file/Le%20risque%20d%27inondation%20de%20d%C3%A9b%C3%A2cle%20et%20le%20r%C3%A9chauffement%20climatique%20%C3%A0%20Yakoutsk%20%28Russie%29.pdf
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Summary:International audience The Lena River is the major axis that structures a part of central and oriental Siberia. Real motorway in winter and seaway in summer, it is the only way that allows the goods transportation in quantity. More than 40 % of the Saka Republic (Yakoutia) inhabitants live along the Léna. It was the main antropisation axis and is the main urbanization axis at the present day. Its nival regime is characterized by a great excessiveness due to the cold continental climate and opposes low winter flows to enormous spring flows during break-up. Climatic warming during the end of XX th century causes increase of flow, thickening of permafrost active band and thinning down of superficial ice layer in winter. In spring, melting is earlier in May and daily discharges are lower in June. There a few change in summer but September and October discharges decrease. In total, even if the mean annual discharge weakly increases, there is no increasing of the peak flow and thus of the flood risk. Exposure of population to flood risks has been considerably increased by the urban growth of Yakoutsk La Léna est l'axe majeur structurant l'espace géographique d'une partie de la Sibérie centrale et orientale. Véritable autoroute en hiver et voie maritime en été, elle constitue la seule voie permettant le transport des marchandises en grande quantité. Plus de 40% des habitants de la République de Saka (Yakoutie) habitent le long de la Léna. Elle fut l'axe principal d'anthropisation et aujourd'hui d'urbanisation. Son régime nival se caractérise par une forte immodération due au climat froid continental et oppose de faibles débits hivernaux à d'énormes débits printaniers lors de la débâcle. Le réchauffement climatique de la fin du XX ème siècle se marque, en hiver, par l'accroissement du débit, l'épaississement de la couche active du pergélisol, et la diminution de l'épaisseur de la couche de glace superficielle. Au printemps, la fusion est plus précoce en mai et les débits journaliers plus faibles en juin. L'été ...

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