Establishment and proliferation under climate change: temperate tunicates in south-western Iceland

Context: Botryllus schlosseri and Diplosoma listerianum are spreading along the south-western coast of Iceland. Both species are non-indigenous and originated from the temperate zone. In some geographic regions, these species have been associated with negative ecological and economic impacts. The pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine and Freshwater Research
Main Authors: Micael, Joana, Rodrigues, Pedro, Ramos-Esplá, Alfonso A., Gíslason, Sindri
Other Authors: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Biología Marina
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: CSIRO Publishing 2022
Subjects:
Breeding activity
Botryllus schlosseri
Diplosoma listerianum
Invasive species
Latitudinal pattern
Proliferation
Subarctic
Warming seawater
Zoología
Sandgerði
Iceland
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10045/123686
https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21351
Description
Summary:Context: Botryllus schlosseri and Diplosoma listerianum are spreading along the south-western coast of Iceland. Both species are non-indigenous and originated from the temperate zone. In some geographic regions, these species have been associated with negative ecological and economic impacts. The proliferation of these colonial tunicates in newly colonised areas will benefit from the projected warming of sea-surface temperatures. Aims: Owing to the influence of temperature in physiological processes of marine invertebrates, the determination of the temporal dynamic of breeding activity is crucial for operational field control actions aiming to keep population abundances below a density-dependent adverse effect. Methods: Colonies of B. schlosseri and D. listerianum were collected during a 12-month period, in Sandgerði, south-western Iceland. The number of oocytes and larvae were counted. Key results: This study showed that both species are present year-round in south-western Iceland. The release of larvae is more intense during the warmer months. Conclusions: To control their population density levels, field actions should be applied during the winter months before the onset of sexual reproduction and recruitment. Implications: In the light of the findings, it is now possible to suggest the best time for countermeasures for both species and optimise resources for marine management.

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