Remote Sensing for Law Enforcement: Monitoring and Diagnosing Environmental and Urban Dynamics

• Main Authors: Gadal, Sébastien, Gloaguen, Thomas
• Other Authors: Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UniCA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), CNES TOSCA THRISNA, ECCOREV TOODS, AMIDEX STAP, Centre francophone en sciences humaines et sociales, Institut français, European Humanitarian University, Ambassade de France en Biélorussie
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2024
• Subjects: Environmental law; Remote Sensing; Spatial monitoring; Urban planning; Geo-simulation; Law enforcement; Decision making; Artic; Baltic; Aix-Marseille Métropole; [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography; [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing; [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environment and Society; [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law; Arctic; Global warming
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-04584435; https://hal.science/hal-04584435/document; https://hal.science/hal-04584435/file/Gadal_22May2024_CFSHS_Droit_Environnement_SHS_.pdf

International audience Geography, law and cartography have always been intrinsically linked. The earliest known maps were used to record land ownership for tax collection purposes, and also to apply town planning law. They were also used for trade and to describe known worlds. In the mid-19th century, the advent of airborne remote sensing, with the first aerial photographs taken over Petit Clamart near Paris, revolutionized urban and regional planning. In the early 1970s, the advent of civil remote sensing from space, with the launch in 1973 of the Landsat 1 MSS satellite, multispectral sensors and computer processing of spatial data, radically transformed our relationship with geographical space, the Earth and the environment. The decommissioning of Soviet and US intelligence data on the Arctic as part of the joint Russian-American scientific commission in the mid-1990s, co-chaired by Albert Al Gore and Mikhail Gorbachev, brought the issue of global warming to the forefront of society's concerns, with the introduction of a geopolitics of environmental law in which space imagery and Earth observation play a central role. So much so that the US Earth Observation Landsat Programme was threatened with closure until the end of the 2000s. Remote sensing from space is used as a means of monitoring and enforcing environmental legislation, as well as generating environmental law and land management. Analyses based on remote sensing from space are leading to greater awareness in society, with diagnoses and maps of territorial realities and dynamics. The presentation will focus on several examples from France, Lithuania and the Arctic.