Cryptic diversity of the genus Leucosolenia (Porifera: Calcarea) in the White and Barents Seas

• Main Authors: Ekimova, I.A., Azevedo, Fernanda, Lavrov, Andrey, Koynova, A.S., Ereskovsky, Alexander
• Other Authors: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brasil = Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil = Université fédérale de Rio de Janeiro Brésil (UFRJ), Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics (Lomonosov Moscow State University), Moscow State University, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: Russian
• Published: HAL CCSD 2018
• Subjects: [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology; White Sea; Northeast Atlantic
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-02354434; https://hal.science/hal-02354434/document; https://hal.science/hal-02354434/file/poster%20Leucosolenia.pdf

International audience Results and discussion. Molecular analysis of two independent markers revealed eight monophyletic species-level lineages. Surprisingly, Leucosolenia complicata was found only in the NorthEast Atlantic, where it shows stable diagnostic morphological traits: tri-and tetractines with unpaired actines commonly longer than paired ones and the presence of both lanceolate diactines and small trichoxeas. In contrast, in the White sea Leucosolenia diversity is represented by a complex of three pseudo-cryptic species, which differ in external features, cytology, skeleton arrangement and spicule morphology. Leucosolenia sp. 1 is characterized by lanceolate diactines and T-shaped tri-and tetractines with unpaired actines commonly shorter than paired ones. Leucosolenia sp. 2 possess smooth and spined trichoxeas, which form prominent spicular crown around oscula and cover cormus tubes, making them hispid. In addition its tri-and tetractines are thin, many of them are abnormal. Tetractines are rare, presented only in oscular rim. Leucosolenia sp. 3 is easily distinguished by voluminous spherical cormus with one or several long oscular tubes, presence of lanceolate diactines and T-or V-shaped tri-and tetractines, some of which are abnormal. In addition, we found peculiar type of mesohyl cells with specific inclusions, occurring in large number. Leucosolenia sp. 1 and Leucosolenia sp. 2 are most common species in the White sea. In the upper intertidal zone they usually occurred sympatrically, while deeper waters are inhabited mostly by Leucosolenia sp. 1. Leucosolenia sp. 3 is also found in deep waters, but restricted to a single locality near Krestovye islands, which have specific fauna.